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Language Assessment
SLD 6
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Purposes of language assessment | determine if there is a delay, disorder, or difference; identify etiology/cause; summarize child's strengths and weaknesses, make recommendations for tx, monitor progress and outcomes |
Who is referred for a language assessment? | child who is not developing similarly to peers, a child with behavior/learning problems, a child at risk |
Variables in assessment process | age of client, familiarity with surroundings, relationship between client and clinician, level of family participation, cultural/linguistic factors, skill level of clinician, time of day |
Language screening | quick, broad scope--may be a checklist. Determines if an in-depth diagnostic evaluation is warrented |
Comprehensive assessment | chart review, interview, systematic observation, questionnaire/survey, testing |
Language assessment--where to begin? | gather information: perception of problem, developmental history, medial history, concomitant factors |
Language assessment: areas to assess | Language: content, form, use (comprehension, formulation and production); motor speech (phonologic, articulatory); voice; fluency; hearing |
Language assessment: related areas to condsider | cognitive status, literacy, social/emotional/behavioral, motor functioning |
Non-standardized/informal assessment | loosely structured, open ended. may look at more than just language. context concerns objects used. May gather a language sample--be as hands off as possible |
Analysis of a language sample | 50-100 consecutive intelligible utterances--analyze total # of words; # morphemes per utterance; average MLU; syntax, narrative |
Standardized assessment | the same every time, compare results to a normative database, standard score given |
Dynamic assessment | involves scaffolding, explores how mediation and interaction affect an individual's ability to complete a task. Particularly useful for culturally diverse populations |
Zone of proximal development | what the child can achieve independently, what the child can achieve with help |
The Normal Curve | having to do with standard scoring, the norm falls on 100, - + 15 |
Considerations in standardized test selection: Validity and Reliability | Validity (content--does it test what it proposes?, face--are items relevant?); Reliability (test-retest--are results stable?, inter-rater--do 2 clinicians get same results?) |
Considerations in standardized test selection | age range, administration instructions, sensitivity, full battery vs. subtest admin., specialized tests |
Conveying results to other professionals | name and describe test, talk about strengths and weaknesses--more than a score |
Conveying results to parents | discuss what you did and why, discuss strengths first, then weaknesses (give ex.), recommend tx, make referrals, give prognosis, give info on support groups and education |