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Anat&PhysCh1
Anatomy & Physiology I (PPC) Chapter 1
Term | Definition |
---|---|
anatomy | study of body structure |
dissection | to cut |
physiology | study of function of living organisms |
pathology | study of disease |
disease | illness; abnormal stte in which part of all of the body does not function properly |
cell | basic unit of life |
tissue | group oif similar cells that perform a specialized function |
organ | body part containing two or more tissues functioning together for specific purposes |
system | group of organs functioning together for the same general purposes |
metabolism | all the physical and chemical processes by which an organism is maintained |
catabolism | metabolic breakdown of substance into simpler substances; includes the digestion of food and the oxidation of nutrient molecules for energy |
anabolism | metabolic building of simple compound into more complex substances |
adenosine triphosphate | ATP energy obtained from breakdown of nutrients |
homeostasis | state of balance within the body; maintenance of body conditions within set limits |
extraceullular fluid | fluid outside the cell |
intracellular fluid | fluid between cells |
negative feedback | self regulating system in which the result of an action reverses that action; a method for keeping body condition within a nroam range and maintaining homeostasis |
anatomic position | all descriptions assume the body is in this potion the subject is standing upright with face front, arms at sides, palms forward, and feet parralel |
superior | above |
inferior | below |
anterior | same as ventral in humans front |
ventral | same as anterior in humans front |
posterior | same as dorsal in humans back |
dorsal | same as posterior in humans back |
medial | nearer to an imaginary plane that passes through the midline of the body, dividing it into left and right |
lateral | opposite of medial further from the midline, toward the side |
proximal | nearer to the origini of a structure |
distal | farther from a point |
frontal plane | from ears forward |
sagittal plane | right and left portions |
midsagittal plane | cut exactly down the middle of the body serpating it into equal right and left halves |
transverse plane | divides body into superior and inferior |
mediastinum | space between the lungs |
prefix | a word part that comes before the root and modifies the meaning |
root | a basic part; an attached or embedded part |
suffix | a word part that follows a root and modifies its meaning |