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Iv therapy adults 1

Iv piggy back lab.

QuestionAnswer
Intravenous therapy is used for? 1.) Fluid administration. 2.) medication administration. 3.) blood administration. 4.) Iv access line. 5.) drawing blood. 6.) long-term nutritional support. (Need a doctors order)
Peripheral lines catheter size: 22, 20, 18 gauge.
peripheral line IV bag last up to: 24 hours.
Peripheral line tubing is changed every: 72-96 hours.
Peripheral line is put in: for a few days/short term use.
Midline is: 4-6 inches long and inserted in the anteculital area, ends in the vein before the axilla.
Midline is used for: home care, antibiotic therapy. It last longer than a peripheral line.
Central venous lines are used for: 1.) infusion of TPN or irritatig medications. 2.) long-term or home IV or medication therapy. 3.) short term use in hospitals for therapy.
Types of central venous lines: 1.) single or multiple lumen catheters. 2.) PICC 3.) tunneled catheters or implanted access port catheters.
For central venous lines you should always take an x-ray to confirm where the tip is.
Central venous lines are put in by: the MD into the subclavian or internal jugular vein.
the tip of the catheter (in central venous lines) sits: in the superior vena cava above the right atrium.
central venous lines lumens are flused with heparinized normal saline (50-100 units/ml in 9 ml NS)
acute care central venous catheters are: single or multilumen
long term care central venous catheters are: PICC, tunneled catheters, implanted access port.
PICC: peripherally inserted central catheter is placed into: brachial, cephalic or femoral vein and advanced into the superior or inferior vena cava. (confirm with x-ray)
PICC line can remain in place for: 6 months.
For PICC lines always measure: the exposed catheter part. If it is not the same length as before, stop iv and call doctor and get an x-ray.
PICC is used for: long term IV therapy, TPN, chemotherapy, narcotic infusions, blood access, popular for home care.
Tunneled catheters are used for: long-therm therapy, PED's.
tunneled catheters contain: a dacron cuff causing adhesion to form in the chest, this stabilizes the catheter in place and DECREASES the occurrence of infection.
Tunneled catheter enters via the subcutaneous tunnel on chest, enters subclavian vein and advanced into subclavian vein about right atrium, other end exits chest.
VAD: vascular access device is used For long term chemotherapy, medication administration, or blood sampling. Can last for several months to 10 years without being changed.
Complications of IV's 1.) infection. 2.) infiltration. 3.) tissue damage. 4.) fluid overload. 5.) phlebitis. 6.) anaphylaxis. 7.) speed shock.
infection: redness, Increased WBC, normally local, fever, chills.
Infiltration: catheter comes out of vein and leaks. Can cause tissue damage, burns, decreased movement, looks swollen, glassy, cool to touch.
fluid overload: put pt. on pump to prevent. elderly pt., kidney disease, cardiac disease pt at risk.
phlebitis: inflammation of where catheter is placed in vein. Looks red, vein is hard and red lines up arm. Needs to be taken out.
speed shock: happens when meds are given too fast into IV (IV push) and you get anaphylaxis.
Blood administration: Need two nurses, hang normal saline with blood, packed cells are good for 4 hours, whole blood is good for 6 hours. Prime tubing with saline not blood.
Notes about blood administration: Never run anything with blood (except normal saline), infuse over 3-4 hours per unit of WB or PRBCs, FFP and platelets may be infused quickly.
Transfusion reactions: 1.) hemolytic- ABO or RH incompatibility. Get a clotting reaction. 2.) allergic -sensitive to foreign plasma proteins. 3.) febrile- clients antibodies respind against transused WBC, PLTS or Plasma, pt will spike temp.
Transfusion reactions part 2: 4.) bacterial- blood contaminated with organisms. 5.) circulatory overload- CHF, need to run blood slower. Crackles will be heard and lasix are given.
Created by: Lindsay515
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