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resp disease tests
Stack #122291
Question | Answer |
---|---|
ARDS | ABG: resp acidosis, metabolic acidosis, hypoxemia that doesn't respond to increased oxygen; chiest x-ray show bilateral infiltrates |
acute respiratory failure | ABG: hypoxemia, acidosis, alkalosis, hpercapnia |
abestosis | chest x-rays: diffuse infiltrates, honeycomb, ground glass appearance, pleural thickening, classic "shaggy" heart border |
asphyxia | ABG: decreased partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2 less than 60) increased partial pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2 less than 50) |
asthma | pulmonary function tests (PFTs) during attacks show decreased forced expiratory volums that improve w/ therapy, increased residual volume & total lung capacity |
atelectasis | chest x-ray: lines in lower lung zones, collapse, dense shadows |
bronchiectasis | chest x-ray: peribronchial thickening, atelectasis. Sputum culture and gram stain. |
Chronic bronchitis | chest x-ray: hyperinflation & increased bronchovascular markings. PFTs: increased residual volum, decreased vital capacity, forced expiratory volumes |
cor pulmonale | ABG: decreased PaO2 70 Chest x-ray: shows large central pulmonary arteries, right vent enlargement. Pulmonary artery pressure: increased |
emphysema | Chest x-ray: flattened diaphragm, vertical heart. PFTs: increased RV, total lung capacity, compliance and decreased vital capacity, diffusing capacity, expiratory volumes |
legionnaires disease | chest x-ray: infiltration; fluorescent serum antibody testing |
lung cancer | chest x-ray: lesion or mass |
pleural effusion and empyema | chest x-ray: radiopaque fluid; thoracentesis: low LD |
pneumonia | chest x-ray: pulmonary infiltrates. sputum study |
pneumonthorax and hemothorax | chest x-ray |
pulmonary embolism | ABG: respiratory alkalosis and hypoxemia. Lun scan shows V/Q mismatch. |
respiratory acidosis | ABG: respiratory acidosis, PaCO2 high over 45, low pH |
respiratory alkalosis | ABG: respiratory alkalosis, low PaCO2 under 35, high pH, normal bicarb |
sarcoidosis | positive Kveim-Sitzbach skin test |
Tuberculosis | Mantoux skin test is positived, sputum study positive for acid fast bacillus and mycobacterium tuberculosis |