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What is a written plan of government called?
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Define "execute"
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Constitution- SGMS
Mr. D's "Constitution" Study Stack
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a written plan of government called? | A constitution |
| Define "execute" | to carry out |
| What was the first national constitution called? | The Articles of Confederation |
| What kind of government did the Articles of Confederation create? | A loose alliance of the 13 states |
| What demand did Maryland make before it would ratify the Articles of Confederation? | All states had to give up western land claims between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River and turn them over to Congress |
| What was the name of the law that set up a system for settling the Northwest Territory? | The Land Ordinance of 1785 |
| According to the Land Ordiance of 1785, the land was to be surveyed and then divided into _________. | townships |
| Each township was further divided into how many sections? | 36 |
| How large was a township? | 36 square miles |
| How large was a section? | one square mile or 640 acres |
| How did the national government sell the land? | whole sections were auctioned off for a minimum bid of $640 |
| According to the Northwest Ordinance,what did the government use the money from the sale of section 16 in every town for? | The government used the money to support schools for the public schools |
| What law was passed in 1787 to govern the Northwest Territory and outlaw slavery in it? | The Northwest Ordinance |
| According to the Northwest Ordinance, how many smaller territories would the Northwest Territory be divided into? | three to five |
| According to the Northwest Ordinance, how many free people must a territory have before it could apply for statehood? | 60,000 free people |
| What were the five territories that were carved out of the Northwest Territory? | Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin |
| According to the Northwest Ordinance, all new states would be admitted as ______ to all previously existing states | equals |
| Under the Northwest Ordinance, slavery was not allowed north of the | Ohio River |
| A period of slowing business activity, falling prices and wages, and rising unemployment is an _______ _____. | economic depression |
| What event led to a call for a Constitutional Convention? | Shay's Rebellion in 1786 |
| What city was the Constitutional Convention held in? | Philadelphia |
| When was the Constitutional Convention held? | During the summer of 1787 |
| How many states were represented at the Constitutional Convention? | 12 |
| What state did not attend the Constitututional Convention? | Rhode Island |
| What was the original intent of the Constitutional Convention? | To revise the Articles of Confederation |
| Who was elected as the president of the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington of Virginia |
| Delegates decided to keep their talks _____ so they could speak their minds freely. | secret |
| Who was the oldest delegate (81) and the peacemaker of the Convention? | Ben Franklin of Pennsylvania |
| Who kept accurate notes during the Constitutional Convention that have provided a valuable record for future generations? | James Madison |
| Who is know as the "Father of the Constitution? | James Madison |
| Who was the delegate from New York who pushed to create a strong central government? | Alexander Hamilton |
| Who was the writer of the Constitution that used flexible language that could change with the times? | Goveneur Morris |
| Which plan at the Constitutional Convention favored the states with a large population? | The Virginia Plan |
| The Virginia Plan called for a strong national government with ______ branches. | three |
| The ________ branch passes or makes the laws. | legislative |
| The ______ branch carries out or enforces the laws. | executive |
| The _______ branch, or system of courts, decides if the laws are carried out fairly and interprets the meaning of the laws. | judicial |
| The Virginia Plan called for a ____-house legislature. | two |
| Under the Virginia Plan, seats in both houses would be awarded to each state on the basis of ________. | population |
| Who proposed the Virginia Plan? | Edmund Randolph and James Madison |
| At the Constitutional Convention, which plan was put forth that favored states with small populations? | The New Jersey Plan |
| Who presented the New Jersey Plan? | William Patterson |
| Under the New Jersey Plan, there would be _____ branches of government. | three |
| Under the New Jersey Plan, there would be a ____-house legislature. | one |
| Under the New Jersey Plan, each state, no matter what the size of its population, would have ____ vote(s) in the legislature | one |
| A two-house legislature is __________. | bicameral |
| A one-house legislature is _________. | unicameral |
| What is a compromise? | A settlement in which each side gives up some of its demands. |
| What was the name of the compromise that settled the quarrel between the states with the large populations and the states with the small populations? | The Great Compromise |
| Who proposed the Great Compromise? | Roger Sherman of Connecticut |
| What is the Great Compromise sometimes called? | The Connecticut Compromise |
| How many branches of government were called for in the Great Compromise? | three |
| How many houses in the legislature were called for in the Great Compromise? | Two- the House of Representatives and the Senate |
| Under the Great Compromise, members of the lower house, known as the House of Representatives, would be chosen by_____? | All men who could vote |
| Under the Great Compromise, seats in the House of Representatives would be awarded to each state according to its _______. | population |
| Under the Great Compromise, members of the upper house, called the Senate, would be chosen by _____ _____. | state legislatures |
| Each state has _____ senators. | two |
| What is the name of the compromise that settled the issue between the north and the south over whether or not slaves should be counted in the population of each state? | The Three-Fifths Compromise |
| What was the compromise agreed to between the north and the south over the issue of the slave trade? | Congress could not outlaw the slave trade for at least 20 years. |
| What compromise was agreed to between the north and the south regarding escaped slaves? | No state could stop a fugitive slave from being returned to an owner who claimed him/her. |
| Under the Three-Fifths Compromise, if a state had 5,000 slaves, _____ of them would be included in the state's population. | 3,000 |
| A nation in which voters elect representatives to govern them is called a ______. | republic |
| The introduction of the Constitution is called the _______. | Preamble |
| Ideas and similar wording for the Constitution's preamble were borrowed from the ________ ___ ___ ______. | League of the Iroquois |
| What are the two ideas of John Locke that influenced the writing of our Constitution? | 1. All people have natural rights. 2. Government is an agreement or contract between the ruler and the ruled. |
| What idea is borrowed from the writings of Baron de Montesquieu for our Constitution? | separation of powers of the government |
| Why did Montesquieu argue in favor of a separtation of powers in the government? | He argued that such a division would help prevent any one person or group from gaining too much power. |
| The division or sharing of power between the states and the national government is called __________. | federalism |
| Under the Constitution, which government has the power to coin money? | The federal government |
| Under the Constitution, which government has the power to declare war? | The federal government |
| Under the Constitution, which government has the power to regulate trade between the states? | The federal government |
| Under the Constitution, which government has the power to regulate trade with foreign nations? | The federal government |
| Under the Constitution, which government has the sole power to coin money? | The federal government |
| Delegated powers are given to the _______ government. | federal |
| Reserved powers belong to the _______ governments. | state |
| Under the Constitution, the power to regulate trade within state borders belongs to the ______. | states |
| Under the Constitution, the power to decide who votes in state elections belongs to the ______. | states |
| Under the Constitution, the power to establish schools belongs to the ______. | states |
| Under the Constitution, the power to establish local governments belongs to the _____. | states |
| Under the Constitution, any powers not given to the federal government belong to ____________________. | the states or the people |
| Powers that are shared by the federal government and the state governments are called ___________ powers. | concurrent |
| Name two concurrent powers or shared powers between the national and state governments. | 1. Provide for the public welfare 2. Administer criminal justice 3. Charter banks 4. Raise taxes 5. Borrow money |
| According to the Constitution, what is the "supreme law of the land"? | The U.S. Constitution |
| Which branch of government is Congress in? | the legislative branch |
| What are the two houses in Congress? | The Senate and the House of Representatives |
| What branch is the President in? | the executive branch |
| Which branch is the Supreme Court in? | the judicial branch |
| Who has the power to declare war? | Congress |
| Who appoints federal judges? | the President |
| Who negotiates foreign treaties? | the President |
| Who can declare a law or an act unconstitutional? | the Supreme Court |
| Who is the commander in chief? | the President |
| Who has the power to tax? | Congress |
| Who has the power to coin money? | Congress |
| Who can impeach the President? | The House of Representatives by a majority vote |
| Who has the power to convict an impeached President and remove him/her from office? | The Senate by a two-thirds vote |
| According to the Constitution, who presides over the Senate impeachment trial? | The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court |
| Who has the power to create lower courts? | Congress |
| Who has the power to approve treaties? | The Senate by a two-thirds margin |
| Who can grant pardons to federal offenders? | the President |
| Who makes appointments and appoints federal judges? | The President |
| Who approves appointments and appointed judges? | The Senate |
| A proposed law is called a _____ | bill |
| A change or addition to the Constitution is _________. | an amendment |
| Who can propose amendments to the Constitution? | Congress by a two-thirds margin of each house or a national convention requested by two-thirds of the states. |
| Members of the House of Representatives are elected for ____-year terms. | two |
| Senators are elected for ____-year terms. | six |
| Who is responsible for foreign relations? | the President |
| The President is elected to a _____-year term. | four |
| According to the Constitution, who elects the President? | The electoral college |
| The President's rejection of a bill passed by Congress is a ______. | veto |
| Congress can check the President's veto of a bill by an _______. | override |
| At least ____-_____ vote of both houses of Congress are needed to override a President's veto. | two-thirds |
| To "impeach" means to | accuse or bring charges against a government official |
| Which house of Congress has the power to impeach a government official? | The House of Representatives |
| Which house of Congress is the impeachment trial held in? | The Senate |
| What fraction of the Senate must vote guilty to remove a government official from office? | two-thirds |
| People that supported the ratification of the Constitution were called______. | Federalists |
| People that were against ratification of the Constitution were called __________. | Anti-Federalists |
| According to the Constitution, how many states had to ratify the Constitution before it became the law of the land? | nine |
| The _______ ______ were a series of essays supporting the ratification of the Constitution. | Federalist Papers |
| Who were the three authors of the Federalist Papers? | James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay |
| The chief argument of the Anti-Federalists was that the Constitution had no ____ ___ ____. | bill of rights |
| Changes or additions to the Constitution are _________. | amendments |
| According to the Constitution, a ___-____ vote of both houses of Congress are needed to propose an amendment.. | two-thirds |
| According to the Constitution, ___-____ of the states must vote for the amendment before it can become part of the Constitution. | three-fourths |
| The first ____ amendments of the Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights. | ten |
| The First Amendment guarantees __________. | freedom of speech, religion, press, petition, and assembly |
| _____ _____ means that the government must follow the same rule in all cases brought to trial. | Due process |
| After declaring independence fro Great Britain, the ______ governments wrote the first constitutions. | state |
| According to the Preamble, what are the six goals of the Constitution? | To form a more perfect union, to establish justice, to ensure domestic tranquility, to provide for the common defense, to promote the general welfare, and to secure the blessings of liberty |
| What are the five principles of the Constitution? | Popular sovereignty, limiting the power of the government, federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances |
| What does "popular sovereignty" mean? | The people rule- representative government |
| What is the principle of "limited government? | It is the principle that the government is not all powerful but can do only what the people say it can do |
| What is the principle of 'Federalism"? | It is the division of power between the national government and the state government |
| What is the principle of "separation of powers"? | It is the division of the operations of the national government into three branches, each with its own powers and responsibilities |
| What is the principle of "checks and balances"? | It is the means by which each branch of the national government is able to check, or control, the power of the other two branches |
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