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Unit 6 Roseanna
AP Human Geography 4B
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Agricultural labor force | the number of people who work in agriculture. |
Calorie consumption | a percentage of daily requirement is an important index of development |
Core-periphery model | describes the pattern of distribution of the MDCs and LDCs |
Cultural Convergence | change in culture that occurs as diffusion of ideas and technology increases |
Dependency theory | states that LDCs tend to have a higher dependency ratio, the ratio of the number of people under 15 or over 64 to the number in the labor force. |
Development | improvement in material conditions of a place as a result of diffusion of technology and knowledge |
Energy consumption | an index of development. MDCs tend to consume much more energy per capita than do LDCs |
Foreign direct investment | investment in the economies of LDCs by transnational corporations based in MDCs |
Gender | an important developmental factor. A great difference in development between the genders is found primarily in LDCs, especially in the Middle East. Differences exist primarily in income and in literacy rate. |
Gross domestic product | the total value of goods and services produced in a year in a given country |
Gross national product | similar to GDP except that includes income that people earn abroad |
Human Development Index | an aggregate index of development, which takes into account economic, social and demographic factors, using GDP, literacy and education, and life expectancy. |
Levels of development | countries are classified into include MDCs (more developed countries) and LDCs (less developed countries) |
Measures of development | used to distinguish LDCs from MDCs. They include GDP, literacy rate, life expectancy, caloric intake, etc. |
Neocolonialism | refers to the economic control that MDCs are sometimes believed to have over LDCs. |
Physical Quality of Life | based on literacy rate, infant mortality rate, and life expectancy at age one. |
Purchasing power parity | index of income related to GDP |
W.W. Rostow | developed the “Stages of Growth” model of economic development |
Technology gap | The difference in technologies used and/or developed in two companies, countries, ethnic groups, etc., where one is more advanced than the other. |
Technology transfer | process by which existing knowledge, facilities, or capabilities developed under federal research and development funding are utilized to fulfill public and private needs |
Third World | countries in the developing world independent of their political status (developing countries) |
World Systems Theory | refers to perspective that seeks to explain the dynamics of the “capitalist world economy” as a “total social system” |
Bid rent theory | refers to how the price and demand on land changes as the distance towards the CBD increases |
Assembly line production/Fordism | industrial arrangement of machines, equipment, and workers for continuous flow of work pieces in mass production operations, each movement of material is made as simple and short as possible |
Air pollution | concentration of trace substances at a greater level than occurs in average air, human causes include mainly motor vehicles, industry, and power plants |
Agglomeration economies | refers to benefits or advantages (savings, cost reductions, etc.) resulting from the spatial clustering of activities and/or people |
Acid rain | tiny droplets of sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the atmosphere that dissolve in water and return to Earth’s surface |
“Stages of Growth” Model | linear theory of development that developed countries go through a common pattern of structural change (1-Traditional Society, 2-Transitional Stage, 3-Take Off, 4-Drive to Maturity, 5-High Mass Consumption) |
Rostow, W. W. | economist, developed the “Stages of Growth” model in the late 1950s |
Aluminum industry | U.S. companies are the largest single producer with plants in 35 states producing about $39.1 billion in products and exports. U.S. supply is comprised of three sources, primary, imports and recycled |