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Methods 2 Final
Methods 2 Final Lecture
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Cervical curvature? | 30-45 degrees |
Thoracic curvature? | 35-55 degrees |
Lumbar curvature? | 35-45 degrees |
Cervical flexion? Cervical LAT flexion? | 60 degrees. 45 degrees. |
Cervical rotation? | 80 degrees |
Cervical extension? | 75 degrees |
Lumbar flexion? | 90 degrees |
Lumbar rotation with pelvis stabilized? | 30 degrees |
Lumbar extension? | 30 degrees |
Lumbar lateral flexion? | 35 degrees |
C4-C7 | 1 I 1 (Up one interspace, over 1 finger width) |
T1-T4 | 1 I 2 (Up one interspace, over 2 finger width) |
T5-T8 | 2 I 2 (Up two interspace, over 2 finger width) |
T9-T12 | 1 S 1 (Up one spinous, over 1 finger width) |
L1-L3 | 1 I 1 (Up one interspace, over 1 finger width) |
L4-L5 | 1 I 2 (Up one interspace, over 2 finger width) |
Bucket handle? | Elevates the rib at costochondral arch. Increase the transverse diameter. Lower T spine. |
Pump handle? | Increase the A-P diameter of rib cage. Upper T spine. |
Curve present in Thoracic? | Kyphosis |
What muscles are you feeling for in UPPER thoracic (T3)? | 1. Trapezius 2. Levator Scapula 3. Supraspinatous 4. Infraspinatous 5. Teres Major/Minor |
Asymmetry for upper/lower thoracic, compare SP? | Flex/ext. Feel in/bw for increase/decrease in gapping. |
Increase in SP gapping of upper/lower thoracic? | Flexion |
Decrease in SP gapping of upper/lower thoracic? | Extension |
Asymmetry for upper/lower thoracic, compare TP? | Rotation/lat flex. Feel for TP's going anterior or posterior. Feel for TP's closer or further apart from TP above/below. |
In STATIC, right TP is anterior, whats the finding? | Its left rotated. |
In STATIC, left TP is posterior, whats the finding? | Its left rotated. |
In STATIC, right TP is posterior, whats the finding? | Its right rotated. |
In STATIC, left TP is anterior, whats the finding? | Its right rotated. |
In MOTION, left TP is left rotated, whats the restriction? | T3 LR (left rotation) RRR (right rotation restriction) |
What muscles are you feeling for in LOWER thoracic (T10)? | Trapezius, Latissimus |
What muscles are you feeling for in RIB 1? | Trapezius, Levator scapula, Scalenes, Pectoralis |
What are you checking for in asymmetry in RIB 1/6? | Static palpation comparing ribs for bucket handle and caliper handle asymmetry. |
What muscles are you feeling for in RIB 6? | Trapezius |
Where are C1 TPs located? | Inferior and slightly anterior to mastiods |
What muscles do you feel for LOWER AND UPPER cervical (C3/C10) | 1. SCM 2. Scalenes 3. Trapezuis 4. Splenius capitis 5. Semispinalis capitis |
Where is the mastiod located? | Posterior to pinna of the ears. |
How to check for ROTATION in UPPER cervical? | Compare MANDIBULAR RAMUS and anterior tip of C1 TP using fingertip contact for rotation asymmetry. |
How to check for LATERAL FLEX in UPPER cervical? | Compare inferior tip of MASTIOD and the C1 TP using fingertip contacts for lateral flexion asymmetry. |
How to check for Flex/Ext/Rotation in C1-C2? | Compare MANDIBULAR RAMUS and anterior tip of C1 TP using fingertip contact for Flex/Ext/Rotation asymmetry. |
How to check for LATERAL FLEX in C1-C2? | Compare inferior tip of MASTIOD and the C1 TP using fingertip contacts for lateral flexion asymmetry. |
Is cervical manipulation safe? | Risk rate of 2 cases per million |
What are the 5 D's? | 1. Dizziness 2. Dipolia 3. Dysarthria 4. Dysphagia 5. Drop attacks |
X Ray: Atlas plane line & C7 inferior body plate is used for what X ray marking? | Cervical spine - Lateral cervical marking |
Procedure of Cervical spine-lateral cervical marking? | Dot anterior tubercle & posterior arch-draw line out. Draw line along inferior body of C7-draw line out. |
Normal indications of a cervical spine-lateral cervical marking? | 35-45 degree angle |
Abnormal findings: Angle Increased, 45+ in cervical spine-lateral cervical markings? | HYPERlordosis |
Abnormal findings: Angle decreased, 45+ in cervical spine-lateral cervical markings? | HYPOlordosis |
How to draw Georges line? | Draw a line on the posterior aspect of the cervical/thoracic vertebral bodies. Should be smooth, regular lines. |
Abnormal findings of Georges line? | Flexion/Extension malposition, anterolisthesis, retrolisthesis |
How to draw a disc angle line? | Draw a line along inferior border of vertebra above and a line on the superior aspect of the one below. |
Normal indications of disc angle line? | Slight posterior wedging |
How to draw occipital plane line? | Dot ant and post occipital condyle and draw line. |
Normal indications of occipital plane line? | Parallel to atlas plane line |
Abnormal indications of occipital plane line? | Flex/Ext malpositions |
Normal indications of a Cervical gravity line? | Vertical line should go from apex of odontiod to anterosuperior corner of C7 |
Most narrow= | Closest to film |
Most broad= | Furthest from film |
Disc angle lines in T3-T12 normal findings? | Lines intersect on concavity. Disc wedge: ANTerior is LARGER, posterior is small |
Rotation in thoracic AP xray, how to check for rotation? | Dot the body/TP junction on each side,dot SP base, measure each side |
Normal indications of Rotation in Thoracic AP xray? | Equal measurements |
Abnormal indications of Rotation in Thoracic AP xray? | LARGEST measurement is on the side of rotation |
How to draw for scoliosis? | SUPERIOR curve line of vertebrea with most inclination to concavity of curve. INFERIOR curve line of vertebrae with most inclination to concavity. |
Grade 1 scoliosis? | 0-20 degrees |
Grade 2 scoliosis? | 21-30 degrees |
Grade 3 scoliosis? | 31-50 degrees |
Grade 4 scoliosis? | 51-75 degrees |