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Chapter.16

Chapter 16: The Cold War (1945-1960)

TermDefinition
1. Satellite State independent nation under the control of a more powerful nation
2. Cold War worldwide rivalry between the United States and The Soviet Union
3. iron curtain term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the border between the Soviet Satellite states and Western Europe
4. Truman Doctrine President Truman's promise to help nations struggling against communist movements
5. containment policy of keeping communism contained within its existing borders
6. Marshall Plan foreign policy that offered economic aid to Western European countries after World War II
7. Berlin airlift program in which U.S and British pilots flew supplies to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade
8. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) military alliance formed to counter soviet expansion
9. Warsaw Pact military alliance of the Soviet Union and its Satellite states
10. 38th Parallel Parallel of latitude in which the dividing line was set to divide Korea into 2 independent countries
11. limited war war fought to achieve only specific goals
12. South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) defensive alliance aimed at preventing communist aggression in Asia
13. arms race contest in which nations compete to build more powerful weapons
14. mutually assured destruction policy in which the United States and the Soviet Union hoped to deter nuclear war by building up enough weapons to destroy one another
15. massive retaliation policy of threatenig to use massive force in response to aggression
16. brinkmanship belief that only by going to the brink of war could the United States protect itself against communist aggression
17. nationalize to place a resource under government control
18. Suez crisis attempt by France and Great Britain to seize control of the Suez Canal in 1956
19. Eisenhower Doctrine policy of president Eisenhower that stated that the United States would use force to help any nation threatened by communism
20. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) U.S intelligence-gathering organization
21. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) government agency that coordinates U.S efforts in space
22. Red Scare fear that communists were working to destroy the American way of life
23. Smith Act law that made it unlawful to teach or advocate the violent overthrow of the United States government
24. House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) congressional committee that investigated possible subversive activities within the United States
25. Hollywood Ten group of movie writers, directors, and producers who refused to answer HUAC questions about communist ties
26. blacklist list of persons who were not hired because of suspected communist ties
27. McCarthyism negative catchword for extreme, reckless charges of disloyalty
Created by: Mixu88
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