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PEDS final
study guide
Question | Answer |
---|---|
hypopituitarism management | hormone replacement therapy, perform pituitary function test, caused by tumor, infection or idiopathic |
precocious puberty pathophysiology and standard management | excess production of LH, FSH, estradiol or testosterone, administer GnRHa, Depo Lupron, Synarel |
common causes of Cushing’s Syndrome | excess or prolonged steroid use or tumor |
cleft lip palette feeding management | no straws, pacifiers or oral suction. encourage breast-feeding or use specialized nipples if bottle-feeding. high risk for aspiration |
clinical signs and pathophysiology of pyloric stenosis | projectile vomiting, weight loss, dehydration. hardening of pyloric muscle/canal |
management of GER | modification of feeding (thickening foods, upright feeding position), use of H2 antagonists |
pathophysiology of gastroschisis | bowel herniation, NOT covered by a membrane |
pathophysiology of Hirschsprung’s | congenital, absence of ganglion nerves in parts of colon |
pathophysiology of intussusception | telescoping of intestine |
clinical signs of intussusception | abrupt abdominal pain, jelly-like stools, hallmark sign -palpation of sausage-like mass in upper-mid abdomen |
diaphragmatic hernia | most severe, abdominal contents protrude through thoracic cavity |
GI hernia omphalocele | covered herniated abdominal organs |
GI hernia gastroschisis | more severe than omphalocele, no membrane covering |
diagnostics for appendicitis | elevated WBC, ultrasound, McBurney’s point tenderness, no rebound test |
clinical management of NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis) | fluid and nutritional maintenance, TPN, encourage breast milk |
IBD, management | inflammation of GI tract, caused by infectious organisms or dietary habits, treated with corticosteroids (to control inflammation), nutrition, possible surgery, anti-tumor necrosis factor may be used |
gastroenteritis | inflammation of stomach and intestines, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. |