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MOLB Chapter 1

The Microbial World and You

TermDefinition
Archea Prokaryotic, single celled, extremophils, no peptidoglycan, no known pathogens
Bacteria Prokaryotic, single celled, shaped-cocci, bacilli, spiral, cell wall contains peptidoglycan, reproduce by binary fission, have flagella
Fungi Eukaryotic, single or multicellular, cell wall contains chitin, not photosynthetic
Protozoa Eukaryotic, single celled, freeliving/parasitic, moves with flagella/pseudopods/cilia
Algae Eukaryotic, single/multicellular, photosynthetic, cell wall contains cellulose
Viruses living/nonliving, only contains protein/nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
Multicellular Animal Parasites Eukaryotic, parts of lifecycle are microscopic
Cell Theory 1. All things are made up of cells 2. All cells come from preexisting cells
Spontaneous Generation living things arise from non living matter by a vital force
Redi 1668 2 jars of meat one covered, one uncovered uncovered contained maggots and flies covered did not contain maggots or flies disregarded because of the lack of air containing vital force repeated with mesh cover instead leading to the same results
Needham 1745 heated nutrient broth, once cooled contained microorganisms
Spallanzani 1765 nutrient broth heated after it was covered did not develop microbial growth
Pasteur 1861 developed swan-necked flasks to allow air to enter but kept microorganisms from entering the broth
Biogenesis living cells only arise only from preexisting living cells
Koch's Postulates A sequence of experimental steps for directly relating a specific microbe to a specific disease 1. Isolate microbe from a sick individual 2. Identify microbe 3. Inoculate healthy individual with microbe 4. Re-isolate/re-identify the microbe
Jenner 1796 Discovered vaccination by inoculating someone with the cowpox virus making them immune to smallpox
Vaccination introduction of a microorganism that has lost the ability to cause disease to induce immunity against subsequent infections
Created by: 100000860991270
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