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Food Basics 6 (CSCA)
CSCA - Moist Heat Cookery
Term | Definition |
---|---|
AGING | A process by which beef is held under controlled temperatures for a period of time. This allows enzymatic activity to degrade complex proteins, changing flavor and tenderness. |
AUTOLYSIS | Final stage in aging in which the cell tissues break down by a self-produced enzyme causing a gradual loss of water. |
BARDING | Pieces of fat or bacon fastened onto lean cuts of meat to add moisture and/or flavor. |
BLANQUETTE | A rich, creamy stew made with veal, chicken or lamb, mushrooms, and small white onions. The name comes from the French word blanc, meaning white. |
BRAISE | A low and slow moist heat cooking method starting with fond de braise, braising medium, inverted lid, and an oven temperature of 325ºF. |
BRAISING MEDIUM | The braising medium is the liquid in the braise, e.g., stock and wine. This liquid becomes the sauce. |
COLLAGEN | The connective tissue that benefits from long, slow, moist heat cooking methods. With liquid the collagen will break down into gelatin. |
CONNECTIVE TISSUE | The fibers that interlace the meat providing support and holding the muscle together. The two affecting the cook are collagen and elastin. |
ELASTIN | The connective tissue that is not broken down when cooked. |
FOND DE BRAISE | “Foundation of Braising.” The aromatics used in a braise. |
FRICASSEE | Usually cooked in liquid without preliminary browning. |
INVERTED LID | Foil, shiny side down, must touch meat and braising medium, and come up to the top of the braising pot. It prevents moisture and steam loss. |
LARDING | Pieces of fat or bacon, cut into lardoons, deposited inside lean meat with a lardoire to add moisture and/or flavor. |
MOIST HEAT COOKERY | Cooking with moisture. i.e.: Steaming, Braising, and Poaching. |
POT ROASTING | A form of braising. It uses a smaller amount of liquid. The browning takes place at the end of cooking. |
STEER | Castrated male raised for beef. |
STEWING | A sub-category of braising. It requires less time than braising and uses more water. Vegetables are added at the end of the cooking process, usually in increments according to cooking times. |
SWISSING | Braising using tomatoes, tomato sauce, or tomato paste. The acid in tomatoes aids in tenderizing. |