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Pre-Clinic Exam 1

Pre-clinic

QuestionAnswer
infectious process is... pathogen...reservoir...mode...entry...susceptible host...
standard precautions include body fluids, secretions and excretions does not include sweat
Universal Precautions were.... first and pertained to only blood
Tuberculosis is spread by... droplet nuclei, not transmitted by fomites contracted by inhalation of droplets from infected person
In TB, exposure does not mean infection
Factors affecting transmission for TB high degree of infected person producing droplets amount and duration of exposure susceptible recipient
Hepatitis B is transmitted by.. blood and bodily fluids, virus can live on fomites HCW are 3x more at risk for this
Hepatitis C is transmitted by similar to Hepatitis B (blood and bodily fluids) most chronic blood borne illness in US
Which virus have no reports of transmission from infected DHCP to patients or patients to patients? HCV
HIV an AIDS is transmitted by... through exposure to blood or body fluids, no fomites and must have blood source oral signs may be first symptoms
what are the most common mode of pathogen transmission? hands
handwashing is... washing hands with plain soap and water
antiseptic handwash is washing hands with water and soap or other detergents containing an antiseptic agents
alcohol based handrub is rubbing hands with an alcohol containing preparation like ethanol or isopropanol
HIV/AIDS is contracted through droplet nuclei (T/F) False
HIV dies off immediately without a blood source (T/F) True
Alcohol based hand rubs benefits rapid and effective, improved skin condition, more accessible than sinks
Alcohol based hand rubs limitations can't be used if hands are visibly soiled, can't be around high temperatures or flames, may build up
Hand washing time 15 seconds
Hand rub time 20 seconds
Aerosols are... <50 u usually <5 u remain suspended in the air and can be breathed deep into lungs like parachutes
Splatter is > 50 u usually fall within 2 feet of origin may be visible on skin, clothing or in hair like grenades
Putting PPE order on gown, mask, goggles, gloves
what are ineffective as pre-procedural mouth rinses? listerine zero or scope
what are effective pre-procedural mouth rinses listerine - 30 seconds chlorhexadine- 60 seconds
critical instruments are penetrate mucous membranes or contact bone, the bloodstream, or other normally sterile tissues
what should be used to sterilize critical instruments? heat sterilize between uses or use sterile single use or disposable devices
semi critical instruments are contact mucous membranes but do not penetrate soft tissues
what should be used to sterilize semi critical instruments heat sterilize or high level disinfect
non critical instruments are contact intact skin
test agent for moist heat geobacillus stearothermophilus
test agent for dry heat bacillus atrophaeus
test agent for chemical vapor geobacillus stearothermophilus
sterilization is process which destroys all types and forms of microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, fungi and bacterial endospores
conditions for moist heat 15-30 minutes at 250F/151lbs psi
considerations for moist heat may corrode carbon steel, unsuitable for oils and powders, dulls instruments, paper packages come out wet
dry heat conditions 120 minutes at 320 degrees F
considerations for dry heat may damage rubber and some plastics, hand pieces long exposure time, high temperature required
chemical vapor conditions 20 minutes/ 270F 20-40 lbs psi
chemical vapor considerations cannot use for low melting plastics, liquids, heat sensitive hand pieces ventilation necessary, may damage rubber and plastic items Odor, adequate ventilation needed
what microorganism is used to test the killing power of disinfection agents? mycobacterium tuberculosis
high level disinfecting agent kills some bacterial spores HBV,HIV, and TB
intermediate level disinfecting agent kills HBV, HIV, TB may not kill spores
low level disinfecting agent... does not kill spores
disinfection definition the process by which most pathogenic microbes are killed
disinfectant qualities... substantivity (continues to work after wiped off) broad spectrum, compatible to environment and surfaces, EPA approved, odorless, fast acting, cost prohibitive
chemical sterilants glutaraldehydes used to disinfect impressions
chemical sterilants considerations corrosive to some metals, very irritating to skin and eyes, not a surface disinfectant
do not used glutaraldehydes as aerosol spray
what is the medical emergency number 2299
what is the security number 8335
where can you obtain the medical emergency kit dispensary
where are no gloves allowed? clean window of dispensary
where are the oxygen tanks located unit 3
where is the eyewash station located unit 5 and graduate perio
advantages for Chemical Vapor Sterilization corrosion and rust free operation for carbon steel instruments ability to sterilize in short cycle ease of operation
advantages of moist heat all microorganisms including spores and viruses are killed quickly wide variety of materials can be treated, most economical form of sterilization
advantages of dry heat materials that cannot be subject to steam under pressure work well suited for sharp instruments when pressure is maintained no corrosion compared with steam under pressure
procedure for flushing the lines Flush water lines at least 2 minutes at the beginning of each day Run water through water tubing for 30 seconds before and 30 seconds after each patient appointment
post exposure follow up STOP note what and how and why it happened REMOVE cause Cleanse/Flush wound, SAVE GLOVE Stabilize patient (do not dismiss) tell patient what happened GET HELP- notify faculty
post exposure protocol must be initiated within... 2 hours
No exposure happened... no bleeding, no breaking skin, no break in glove, no contact
tuberculosis is transmitted from one person to another by means of droplet nuclei (T/F) True
The most common mode of pathogen transmission is hands
When using an alcohol-based hand rub, approximately how long should the clinician rub the suspension into their hands? 20 seconds
an abnormally low heart rate is called... bradycardia
The AED is located in hallway, by the women's restroom
carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS) disorder of the wrist and hand due to compression of the median nerve in the wrist
symptoms of carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS) Numbness, pain, tingling in the thumb, index, and middle fingers
Ulnar Nerve Entrapment disorder of the lower arm and wrist caused by compression of the ulnar nerve at the wrist
Symptoms of ulnar nerve entrapment Numbness, tingling, and/or loss of strength in the lower arm or wrist pinkie finger and ring finger
Tendonitis inflammation of the tendons of the wrist caused by repeated bending the hand up, down or from side to side from the wrist
Tendonitis symptoms Pain in the wrist, especially on the outer edges of the hand, rather than through the center of the wrist
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome disorder of the fingers, hand and or wrist due to compression of the brachial nerve plexus and vessel
Thoracic Outlet Syndrom caused by tilting the head forward hunching the shoulders forward continuously reaching overhead
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis inflammation of the muscle tendons in the shoulder region
Rotator Cuff Tendonitis is caused by holding the elbow above waist level holding the upper arm away from the body
What are the contradictions to supine position congestive heart disease vertigo breathing difficulty pregnancy
where should the light be to see mandible chin down on patient light straight above shining on the tongue
Where should the light be to see the maxilla chin up on the patient light towards palate
what is a working distance acceptable for a hygienist? 15-22 inches
mandibular chin is.. always down
maxillary chin is... always up
9:00 patient's head is always straight or to left
12:00 patient's head always straight or to right
use same positions on all buccals on right side and all linguals on left side all buccals on left side and all linguals on right side
what is included in the medical history? medical history dental history current medications
amoxicillin dosage 2 grams, 1 hour prior to treatment
clindamycin dosage 600 mg, 1 hour prior to treatment
cephalexin 2 grams, 1 hour prior to treatment
azithromycin/ clarithromycin dosage 500 mg, 1 hour prior to treatment
if patient is allergic to amoxicillin, what can they take clindamycin, cephalexin, azithromycin/clarithromycin
what is tachycardia fast heart beat greater than 100 bpm
what is bradycardia slow hert beat less than 50 bpm
what is the adult range for respiration 14-20 rpm
where is pulse measured at? radial artery
systolic is highest blood pressure caused by ventricular contraction first tap-tap
diastolic is lowest pressure caused by ventricular relaxation last tap
pulse pressure difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure safest at 40 mmhg
what is the normal adult pulse 60-100 bpm
ASA I is a normal healthy patient, no apparent disease present
ASA II is mild, systemic disease; may or may not need dental modifications
ASA III is moderate- to severe systemic disease, not incapacitating; may have drug concerns; dental management modifications
ASA IV is severe systemic disease; life threatening; dental modifications necessary, may be seen in special facility
the heart rate is attained by palpating the brachial artery (T/F) Fasle
14-20 RPM is a heart rate within normal limits (T/F) False
a patient with moderate to severe systemic disease that is not incapacitating would be classified as ASA III
What are the three update questions have there been any changes in your health since you were here? (give date) are you taking any medication? do you have any concerns or problems with your mouth or teeth?
Infective Endocarditis viridans group streptococci masses of bacteria and blood clots in areas of valvular abnormalities and turbulent blood flow
What is pre hypertension blood pressure and what do you do 120-139/80-90 can perform elective treatment, inform and educate patient
what is stage 1 hypertension blood pressure and what do you do 140-159/90-99 can perform elective treatment, educate patient, take serial readings and monitor later appointments. Suggest medical eval
what is stage 2 hypertension blood pressure and what do you do greater than 160/ greater than 100 no elective treatment performed, inform and educate patient, take serial readings, medical consult needed
what is emergent blood pressure and what do you do greater than 180/greater than 110 no elective treatment performed, terminate appointment after confirm readings, refer immediately to medical doctor
what is the normal respiration rate for an adult? 14-20 RPM
Positioning for mandibular anteriors towards you 9:00 head away from you, chin down, light on tongue
Positioning for mandibular anteriors away from you 12:00 head straight or towards you, chin down, light on tongue
Positioning for maxillary anteriors all surfaces 12:00 head facing straight, chin up, light on palate
positioning for mandibular posteriors, right buccal 9:00 head left, chin down, light on tongue
Positioning for mandibular posteriors, left lingual 9:00 head left, chin down, light on tongue
Positioning for Maxillary Posteriors, right buccal 9:00 head left, chin up, light on palate
positioning for Maxillary Posteriors, left lingual 9:00 head left, chin up, light on palate
Positioning mandibular posteriors, right lingual 9:00 head right, chin down, light on tongue
Positioning for mandibular posteriors, Left buccal 9:00 head right, chin down, light on tongue
Positioning for Maxillary Posteriors, right lingual 12:00 head right, chin up, light on palate
Positioning for Maxillary Posteriors, left buccal 12:00 head right, chin up, light on palate
flow chart for positioning me (clock position), my patient (head position), equipment
Created by: Chobchi
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