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exam 1 Fundamentals
chapter 1-4 and chapter 27-29
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nursing as a science | is based on a body of knowledge that is continually changing with new discoveries and innovations. |
| Florence Nightingale | studied and implemented methods to improve battlefield sanitation which reduced illness, infection and mortality |
| Clara Barton | founder of ARC |
| Mary Mahoney | first professionaly trained African American nurse She was concerned with relationships between cultures and races |
| Isabel Hampton Robb | helped found the ANA and American Journal of Nursing |
| Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster | Henry Street Settlement - health needs of poor people who lived in tenements. First nurses to demonstrate autonomy Occupational Health |
| Mary Adelaide Nutting | affiliation of nursing education with universities. first porfessor of nursing at Columbia University Teachers College. Goldmark Report go financial support for schools of nursing |
| changing needs of society | bio terrorism, emerging infections and disaster management |
| Health care reform | affects how health care is paid and how it is delivered |
| Demographic Changes | population is shifting from rural to urban, more people living with chronic and long term illness |
| medically under served | unemployment, underemployment and low paying jobs, mental illness, homelessness and rising health care costs |
| bioterrorism | nuclear, chemical or biological attack. Nurses are active in disaster preparedness, nurses would be essential in evaluating the strenghts and weaknesses of any distaster plan |
| characteristics of a profession | 1. liberal foundation and extended education 2. theoretical body of knowledge to define skills, abilities and norms 3. have autonomy in decision making and practice 4. code of ethics for practice |
| Goal of the Scope of Practice | to improve the health and well-being of all individuals, communities and populations through the significant and visible contributions of RN using standard based practice |
| Standards of Practice | describe a competent level of nursing care |
| Nursing Process | critical thinking model, includes assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification and planning, implementation and evaluation. It is the foundation of clinical decsiion making and includes all significant actions taken by nurses in providing care to pts |
| Code of Ethics | right and wrong |
| continuing education | involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, state nurses assoc. prof. nursing organizations and educational and health care institutes |
| In-service education | programs are instruction or training provided by health care agency or institution focused on new technologies |
| Nursing Practice Act | State Board oversees NPAs regulates the scope of nursing practice and protects public health, safety and welfare. includes min education reqs, req certifications and practice guidelines for APRNs |
| Licensure | exactly the same in all states, NCLEX |
| Certification | specific areas of nursing |
| Autonomy | initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical orders |
| Responsibilities and Roles | Caregiver, advocate, educator, communicator, manager,career development |
| purpose of the ANA | to improve standards of health and the availability of health care, to foster hight standards for niursing and promote the professional develoment and general and economic welfare of nurses |
| QSEN | responds to reports about safety and quality patient care |
| KSAs | knowledge, skills and attitudes |
| DRGs | diagnosis related groups fixed reimbursement amount |
| prospective payment system (PPS) | eliminated cost based reimbursement |
| capitation | providers receive a fixed amount per patient or enrollee of a health care plan |
| resource utilization groups | ensure that patients are managed effectively and discharged as soon as it is reasonably possible |
| managed care | describes health care system in which the provider or health care systems receives a p\redetermined capitated payment for each pt |
| Patient Protections and Affordable Care Act | focuses on the major goals of increasing access to health care services for all, reducing health care costs and improving health care quality |
| primary health | prenatal and well baby care, nutritional counseling, family planning, exercise classes |
| preventive care | screenings, immunizations, mental health and crisis prevention, community legislation |
| secondary acute care | emergency care, medical-surgical care, radiological procedures for acute problems |
| tertiary care | intensive care, sub-acute care |
| continuing care | assisted living, psych and adult day care |
| works redesign | no need to transport pt across multiple diagnostic and treatment areas |
| discharge planning | begins the moment a pt is admitted to a health care facility |
| restorative care | help pt regain maximal functional status and enhance quality of life through promotion of independence and self care |
| rehabilitation | restores a person to the fulles physical, mental, social, vocational and economic potential possible |
| nursing center | most appropriate term for nursing home |
| Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) | consists of the Minimum Data Set (MDS) national database |
Created by:
nursingTSJC2013
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