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Foundations 1 Exam
Rush Nursing Foundations 1 Exam
Questions | Answer |
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Working definition of nursing | Art & Science, based on theoretical, philosophical, ethical and research foundations. |
Founder of modern nursing? | Florence Nightingale |
What was FN's philosophy? | Search for truth, environmental |
Who founded the American Red Cross? | Clara Barton |
Who was first African American Nurse? | Mary Mahoney |
What did the ANA write about in 1965? | Defined nursing as a profession. |
What is nursing theory? | A framework for practice and education |
WHo accredits nursing programs? | NLNAC |
What is Patricia Benner's theory of caring? | Essence of excellent nursing practice. Caring creates potential for coping, allows for the giving and receiving of help There is a relationship between health, illness, and disease. |
What is Madeleine Leininger's claim to fame? | Transcultural perspective on nursing. Expressions of care vary across cultures. |
What is Jean Watson's theory? | A theory of caring called Transpersonal Caring, rejects the disease model, sees caring as a moral ideal and an end in itself. She places care before cure. Caring gets a spiritual dimension.. |
What is Kristen Swanson's theory of caring? | Includes the following processes: Knowing, being with, doing for, enabling, maintaining belief. |
What is ethnocentrism? | Thinking that one's own culture is the only correct way to view the world. |
What are the 3 dimensions of space in western culture? | Intimate: 0-18 inches, personal zone: 18 inches to 3 feet, social or public zone, 3 to 6 feet. |
What cultures have present time orientation (as opposed to American future oriented time orientation?) | Native Americans, Mexican Americans |
What cultural group has a past time orientation? | Chinese-Americans. |
What cultural group has a higher incidence of hypertension? | African Americans. |
What did the book say were some characteristics of Hispanic patients? | Need for group togetherness, family oriented, present time orientation, believe in control by external forces. Health is a state of equilibrium with "hot, cold, wet, and dry" components. |
What disease is significantly higher in Hispanics? | Diabetes mellitus |
What are the beliefs about space by Asian Americans? | Intimate zone activities are only done in private. There is no physical contact in public. |
What are the 4 types of nursing theories? | Grand thories, Middle range theories, Descriptive theories, Prescriptive Theories. |
What are grand theories? | Broad in scope, complex. They require further specification through research before they can be fully tested. |
What is an example of a grand theory? | Parse's theory of human becoming. |
What are Middle-Range Theories? | More limited in scope and less abstract than grand theories, such as Mishel's theory of uncertainty in illness. |
What are descriptive theories? | Those that are 1st level of theory development, describe phenomenon. |
What are theoretical models? | Global ideas about individuals, groups, situations. |
What are the 4 linkages of interest in the nursing paradigm? | Person, health, environment/situation, nursing. |
What is Hildegard Peplau's theory? | Developed for psychiatric nursing, characterized by 4 stages, orientation, identification, explanation, resolution. |
What is Virginia Henderson's theory of nursing? | Assisting the individual, sick or well, in activities they would do if they were able, |
What is Faye Abdellah's nursing theory? | Nurse is a problem solver who provides care for the whole individual. |
What is Dorothea Orem's nursing theory? | Self-care theory. Nurses can help their clients toward self-care. |
What is Sister Callista Roy's nursing theory? | Roy adaptation model. Sees patients as adaptive systems, |
What is Martha Roger's theory? | Individual is an energy field in interaction with the environment. |
What are the 3 models of care? | Biomedical, biopsychosocial, and relationship-centered. |
What is the biomedical model of care? | Health is the absence of disease, and medical interventions will provide cure. |
What is the biopsychosocial model of care? | Considers psychological and social aspects of illness, and you cannot treat disease without treating the person. |