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14295B Chapter 9
Chapter 9 of the Hospital Corpsman Manual
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is defined as the hygienic means of promoting health through prevention of human contact with hazards or wastes? | Sanitation |
| What is any animal capable of transmitting pathogens or producing human or animal discomfort or injury? | vector |
| What is NAVMED 6240/1? | Food Service Sanitation Inspection |
| Who determines the quantity of water stored or produced and performs the actual chlorination or bromination afloat? | the ships engineering section |
| Overboard discharge or untreated water is prohibited within how many miles of shore? | three nautical miles |
| What involves taking steps to prevent the spread of infectious agents? | infection control |
| what is the state of being free of pathogenic organisms? | asepsis |
| What is the number of micro-organisms contaminating an object? | bioburden |
| A diagnostic test of a prevacuum sterilizer’s ability to remove air from the chamber and detect air leaks. | Bowie-Dick Type Test |
| The destruction or inhibition of most viruses and bacteria while in their active growth phase | Chemical Disinfection: |
| The presence or reasonably expected presence of blood or other potentially infectious material on an item or surface. | Contaminated |
| The reproduction and growth of micro-organisms in living tissue cells or on a nutrient medium. | Culture |
| Instruments and materials that penetrate the skin, mucous membranes, or bone; these items must be sterile before use. | Critical Items |
| Instruments, equipment, or materials that frequently contact mucous membranes, but cannot be sterilized because of their design or inability to withstand heat. | Semi-Critical Items |
| Instruments, equipment, or materials that do not normally penetrate or contact mucous membranes but which are exposed to splatters, sprays, or splashing of blood, or are touched by con-taminated hands. | Non-critical Items |
| To cleanse something so as to destroy or prevent the growth of disease-carrying microorganisms. | Disinfected |
| An infectious agent is an organism that is capable of producing an infection or infectious disease. | Infectious Agent |
| A surgical entry into the tissues, cavities, organs, or repair of major traumatic injuries. | Invasive Procedure |
| Bacteria, fungi, viruses, and bacterial spores are examples of what? | micro-organisms |
| An acceptable method of cleaning and disinfecting. | Spray-Wipe-Spray |
| An infection resulting from treatment in a hospital and is secondary to the patient's original condition; it is unrelated to the primary diagnosis. | Nosocomial Infection |
| A specified area, such as within a tray or on a sterile towel, which is considered free of microorganisms. | Sterile field |
| Free from all living micro-organisms. | Sterile, Sterility |
| A protocol for infection control that treats all human blood and body fluids as if known to be infectious for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and other blood borne pathogens. | Standard Precautions |
| Method of managing environment and health by placing a barrier between the contamination and the rest of the site, thus limiting exposure pathways. | Engineered Controls |
| What are single-celled animals that do not have a rigid cell wall? | protozoa |
| what are micro-organisms that are much smaller than bacteria? | viruses |
| What are plants that lack chlorophyll? | fungi |
| The most common fungal infections in humans are? | athletes foot and ringworm |
| what are the two types of flora the skin harbors? | resident or normal flora and transient flora |
| What is one of the most important procedures in preventing the transfer of micro-organisms? | hand washing |
| What are the highest quality, most expensive and best fitting gloves? | sterile surgical gloves |
| What type of gloves are three times for puncture resistant than rubber? | Nitrile gloves |
| What are the least expensive type of non-sterile gloves? | latex exam gloves |
| What type of precaution includes placing a patient in a private, negative pressure room with air being pumped outside or through a HEPA filter? | airborne precautions |
| what type of precautions are used for patients infected with microorganisms spread by coughing, sneezing, or talking such as the flu, adenovirus, and rhinovirus? | Droplet precautions |
| What describes those practices used to prevent the transfer of pathogenic organisms from person to person, place to place, or person to place? | Medical asepsis |
| What is the carrier on which the infectious agent primarily depends for survival? | reservoir |
| What is the avenue by which the infectious agent leaves its reservoir? | portal of exit |
| What is the mechanism by which the infectious agent is transmitted from its reservoir to a susceptible host? | mode of transmission |
| What is the avenue by which the infectious agent enters the susceptible host? | portal of entry |
| What is man or another living organism that affords an infectious agent nourishment or protection to survive and multiply? | susceptible host |
| What consists of those measures taken to destroy pathogenic organisms remaining after the patient is discharged from isolation? | terminal disinfection |
| three 10-second rinses will temporarily reduce a patients microbial count by how much? | Up to 97% |
| At the beginning of the day DTR's flush each unit water line and hose for at least how long? | at least one minute |
| How long do you flush lines between dental patients? | at least 30 seconds |
| Why do you not use 2% glutaraldehyde as a surface disinfectant? | because of its caustic vapors and high cost |
| For effective sterilization of infectious waste what is the temperature, time and pressure? | 121 degrees, 90 minutes at 15 pounds per square inch |
| What is the term that describes the sterilization, storage, and handling of articles to keep them free of pathogenic organisms? | Surgical aseptic technique |
| What is the least desirable method of cleaning the operating room? | using mops |
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