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14295B Chpater 18
Chapter 18 of the Hospital Corpsman Manual
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the branch of pharmacology dealing with biological, biochemical, and economic features of natural medications and their constituents? | Pharmacognosy |
| What is the branch of pharmacology dealing with the preparation, dispensing, and proper use of medications? | Pharmacy |
| What is the study of the dosages of medicines and medications? | Posology |
| What is the study of the action or effects of medications on living organisms? | Pharmacodynamics |
| What is the study of the uses of medications in the treatment of disease? | Pharmacotherapeutics |
| What is the study of poisons, their actions, their detection, and the treatment of the conditions produced by them? | Toxicology |
| What is the science of treating disease by any method that will relieve pain, treat or cure diseases and infections, or prolong life? | Therapeutics |
| What work is known as the "blue bible" of pharmacology? | Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy |
| The amount of medication to be administered is referred to as what? | dose |
| What is referred to as the normal adult dose, the usual dose, or average dose? | THERAPEUTIC DOSE |
| What is the least amount of medication that can produce death? | MINIMUM LETHAL DOSE |
| What are the two primary factors that determine or influence the dosage of a medication? | the age and weight of the patient |
| What is the most common factor that influences the amount of medication to be given? | age |
| What rule is age in years / age in years + 12 X adult dose = childs dose? | youngs rule |
| What is clarks rule? | weight in lbs / 150 X adult dose = childs dose |
| What is introducing medication by injection called? | parenteral |
| What are the methods of parenteral medication administration? | subcutaneous, intradermal, intramuscular, and intravenous, and intrathecal/intraspinal |
| What are the six patient rights of medication administration? | Right patient, Right Medication, Right Dose, Right Route, Right Time, and Right Documentation! |
| What is defined as any chemical substance that has an effect on living tissue but is not used as food? | medication |
| What are the three specific areas of medication classification? | General, Chemical and Therapeutic |
| What name is the proprietary name given by the manufacturer of a medication? | Brand or Trade name |
| What name is often derived from the chemical name of a medication? | Generic |
| What type of medications cause shrinkage of the skin and mucous membranes? | astringents |
| What is an example of an astringent? | calamine, aluminum acetate, zinc oxide |
| What type of medications are bland or fatty substances that may be applied to the skin to make it more pliable and soft? | emollient |
| What are examples of emollients? | cocoa butter, petroleum jelly |
| What type of medications assist in the removal of secretions or exudates from the trachea, bronchi, or lungs and are most commonly used for the common cold? | expectorants and antitussives |
| What are agents that inhibit or suppress the act of coughing? | antitussives |
| What type of medication helps reduce congestion and swelling of mucous membranes? | nasal decongestants |
| What type of medication is used to counteract the physical symptoms that are caused by allergies? | antihistamines |
| What type of medication is used to counteract hyperacidity in the stomach? | atacids |
| If a silver nitrate wet dressing dries out what happens? | It will be absorbed into the skin and turn a slate gray color |
| What is the condition known as when silver nitrate is absorbed into the skin and it turns slate gray? | argyria |
| What were the first effective chemotherapeutic agents to be available in safe therapeutic dosage ranges? | sulfonamides |
| What is one of the most important antibiotics and is derived from molds? | penicillin |
| If a patient is allergic to penicillin, what other antibiotic group might they be allergic to? | cepholosporins |
| What were the first truly broad-spectrum antibiotics that were introduced in 1948? | tetracyclines |
| What are a large group of bacteriostatic agents that are effective against gram-positive cocci like Neisseria, hemophilus and mycobacteria? | Macrolides |
| What antibacterial can make the skin sensitive to sunlight and may result in a sunburn? | erythromycin |
| What infections or infestations account for the largest number of chronic disabling diseases known? | parasitic infections/infestations |
| What is the drug of choice for treating acute malarial attacks? | chloraquine phosphate |
| What malarial drug would you not give to someone with a G6PD deficiency because it causes hemolytic anemia? | Primaquine phosphate |
| What are agents that increase the rate of urine formation? | diuretics |
| What are anitpyretics? | drugs that relieve or reduce fevers |
| What is an analgesic? | medications that relieve pain |
| What is the drug of choice for petit mal epilepsy? | phenobarbital (luminol) |
| What is the drug of choice for treatment and management of grand mal epilepsy? | phenytoin sodium (Dilantin) |
| In the US military diazepam is also known as what? | CANA, Convulsive Antidote Nerve Agent |
| What drug is indicated for all degrees of congestive heart failure and for various arrhythmias? | Digoxin |
| What is employed medically to treat heart disease such as angina? | amyl nitrite |
| What is indicated for the treatment and management of acute and chronic angina pectoris? | nitroglycerin (nitrostat, nitro-bid) |
| What type of drug produces constriction of the blood vessels with consequent rise in blood pressure? | vasoconstrictors |
| A deficiency of vitamin B1 or Thiamin causes what? | Beriberi |
| A vitamin D deficiency leads to what? | rickets |
| What vitamin is necessary for the prevention of scurvy? | Vitamin C |
| What does a vitamin K deficiency cause? | increase blood clotting time |
| How are general anesthetics usually administered? | By inhalation in gaseous or vaporized form |
| What can high concentration of nitrous oxide cause? | cyanosis and asphyxia |
| Sudafed, Actifed and mucinex D are examples of what type of drugs? | nasal decongestant |
| Benadryl, Chlor-trimeton, and Dramamine are examples of what type of drugs? | antihistamines |
| Milk of Magnesia, Maalox and Amphojel are examples of what type of drug? | antacids |
| Bactrim and Septra are examples of what type of drug? | sulfonamides |
| Ancef, Kefzol, and Keflex are examples of what type of drug? | cephalosporins |
| Achromycin, doxycycline hyclate, and minocycline hydrochloride are examples of what type of drug? | tetracyclines |
| What type of drug are erythromycin, clindomycine, vancomycin, and azithromycin? | Macrolides |
| What type of drug are nystatin, monistat, and micatin? | Antifungals |
| Nix, flagyl and vermox is what type of drug? | antiparasitic |
| Chloroquine and Primaquine are used in treatment of what? | Malaria |
| Dulcolax and Metamucil are what type of drugs? | laxatives |
| Lasix, esidrix, and oretic are what type of drugs? | diuretics |
| What drug is indicated for patients who are allergic to aspirin? | acetaminophen (Tylenol) |
| What is still the most economical analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agent available? | Aspirin |
| What type of drugs are robaxin and flexeril? | muscle relaxants |
| What drug is indicated for the initiation or improvement of uterine contractions or to control postpartum hemorrhage? | Oxytocin/Pitocin |
| In 1980, the World Health Organization declared the global eradication of what naturally occurring disease? | Smallpox |
| What is the basic unit of weight? | gram |
| What is the basic unit of volume? | liter |
| What is the basic linear unit? | meter |
| What is called the arithmetic of pharmacy, is the study and science of weights and measures? | Metrology |
| What is the official system of weights and measures used by Navy Pharmacy Departments for weighing and calculating pharmaceutical preparations? | International System of Units (SI) |
| In the Apothecaries system what is the basic unit of weight, and volume? | weight is the grain(gr), volume is the minim(m) |
| What are aromatic, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions containing medicinal substances? | elixir |
| What are aromatic, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions containing medicinal substances? | Suspensions |
| What are semisolid, fatty, or oily preparations of medicinal substances? | Ointments |
| What are used to reduce substances to fine powders? | a mortar and pestle |
| What incompatibilities occur when agents antagonistic to one another are prescribed together? | Therapeutic incompatibilities |
| What incompatibilities are often called pharmaceutical incompatibilities and are evidenced by the failure of the medications to combine properly? | Physical incompatibilities |
| What incompatibilities occur when prescribed agents react chemically upon combination to alter the composition of one or more of the ingredients (constituents)? | Chemical incompatibilities |
| What is Combining medications may cause the individual medications to have a positive or negative outcome that would not usually occur if the medications were administered separately? | Medication interactions |
| What is any condition which makes a particular treatment or procedure inadvisable? | contraindication |
| What occurs when a medication, administered in a dose appropriate for human prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy, has an unintended and harmful effect on the patient receiving it? | Adverse medication reactions |
| What is the most important tool used by the pharmacy? | the prescription |
| What is used extensively for outpatient prescription and will contain only one medication order? | DD 1189, DOD prescription |
| NAVMED 6710/6 is available for up to _____ prescriptions for one patient to be written together. | four |
| What part of the prescription means "take" or "take thou" or, in effect, "I want this patient to have the following medication."? | The superscription "Rx" |
| What is that part of the prescription that lists the name and quantity of the medication to be used? | The inscription |
| What part follows the inscription and is that part of the prescription that gives directions to the compounder? | The subscription |
| What part is not to be confused with the prescriber’s signature, is the part of the prescription that gives the directions for the patient. This portion is preceded by the abbreviation “Sig.”? | The signa |
| How long are prescriptions currently required to be on file? | For at least 2 years after the date of issue |
| MANMED specifically assigns custodial responsibility for controlled substances to who? | a Commissioned Officer |
| What schedule of controlled substances have high abuse potential and no accepted medical use? | Schedule I |
| What schedule of controlled substances must be filled within 30 days of the date written and may be refilled up to five times within 6 months? | Schedule III, IV, and V |
| What schedule of controlled substances have a high abuse potential and severe psychological/physical dependency, cannot be ordered with refills and must be filled within 7 day of date written? | Schedule II |
| When is a CSIB (controlled substances inventory board) performed? | quarterly |
| Who appoints the members of the CSIB? | the CO |
| If destruction is indicated for controlled substances and directed by the CO, it must be done how? | In the presence of a member of the CSIB |
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