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Foy Ch. 5 Vocab

TermDefinition
Magna Carta A 1215 charter of liberties agreed to by King John of England, it made the king obey the same laws as citizens.
constitution A set of basic principles that determines the powers and duties of a government.
suffrage voting rights
Articles of Confederation The 1777 document that created the first central government for the United States; was replaced by the Constitution in 1789.
ratification An official approval.
Northwest Territory Lands including present-day Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; organized by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787.
tariffs A tax on imports or exports.
interstate commerce Trade between two or more states.
inflation Increased prices for goods and services combined with the reduced value of money.
depression A steep drop in economic activity combined with rising unemployment.
Shays' Rebellion A 1786-1787 uprising of Massachusetts farmers, led by Daniel Shays, to protest high taxes, heavy debt, and farm foreclosures.
Constitutional Convention A 1787 meeting held in Philadelphia at which delegates from the states wrote the Constitution.
Great Compromise A 1787 agreement establishing that a state's population would determine representation in the lower house of the legislature, while each state would have equal representation in the upper house of the legislature.
Three-fifths Compromise A 1787 worked out at the Constitutional Convention stating that only three-fifths of the slaves in a state would count when determining its population for representation in the lower house of Congress.
popular sovereignty The idea that political authority belongs to the people.
federalism U.S. system of government in which power is distributed between a central government and individual states.
legislative branch The division of government that proposes bills and passes them into laws.
executive branch The division of government that includes the president and the administrative departments; enforces the nation's laws.
judicial branch The division of the federal government that is made up of the national courts; interprets laws, punishes criminals, and settles disputes between states.
checks and balances A system established by the Constitution that prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful.
Antifederalists People who opposed ratification of the Constitution.
Federalists People who supported ratification of the Constitution.
Federalist Papers A series of essays that defended and explained the Constitution and tried to reassure Americans that the states would not be overpowered by the proposed national government.
amendment Official change, correction, or addition to a law or constitution.
Bill of Rights The first 10 amendments to the Constitution; ratified in 1791.
Created by: lfoy8290
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