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Biomes

Adaptations

QuestionAnswer
Can any organism live everywhere NO!!!
What must organisms have? Tolerance Limits
The concept of tolerance limits feed into the idea... Ecological niche
What is a niche? - physical space occupied by an organism - its functional role in the community - its position in environmental gradients
Hutchinson proposed what in 1957? niche of a species has many boundaries
What type of boundaries does a niche have? Temperature, moisture, food, shelter, predators, wind, radiation
What does a niche become? Multidimensional (Hypervolume)
If environment is within a population tolerance limits... The population will grow
Population ecology- population growth
If organisms have GREAT reproductive potential... populations can increase in size
Darwin's quote about reproduction "There is no exception to the rule that every organic being naturally increases at so high a rate, that if destroyed, the earth would be covered by the progeny of a single pair."
What factors affect population growth? - Number of offspring - Generation Time
Do populations grow by these factors? YES!!
What is an example of population growth? Whooping crane
Info about Whooping crane - critically endangered 1930/40's - population in 1941- 21 - cause in decline- habit loss
Whooping crane follow an ultralight to... Help with their migration on flying North from South
^N change in the number of individuals in time
Exponential growth of Scots Pine Refer to notes
Do population size increase forever? No. There is always factors in nature that will decrease a population or leave it at a constant rate
rN birth rate - death rate
Define population growth Births add individuals to a population while deaths remove them
Equation for population growth ^N/^t=rN
Exponential growth of collared doves Refer to notes
What kinds of forces prevent unchecked population growth? Competition for resources (shelter, food, nests, space) Catastrophes,predators, severe climatic, diseases
Equation for the slowing of population growth ^N/^t=rN(1-N/K)
what happens when population grows to big? resources become limited and the rate of population growth starts to slow until population size levels off at K
Do we see this kind of slowing of population growth in populations? - Laboratory populations - Natural populations
Example of natural population growth African buffalo and medium ground finch Refer to notes
Examples of laboratory population yeast and Paramecium refer to notes
Another example of natural catastrophe in a population. whooping crane chicks killed by Florida tornadoes
Niche are... Many different factors
Why can't a species live above or below the temp? Can't tolerate it. Must be within it's limits
What are dimensions? Factors that have an effect on a species
What do whooping cranes do? Mate for life
What do humans do to increase the whooping crane population? By raising the offspring and disguise themselves with a white gown to cover their actually form
Whooping crane chicks were... Reduced by population size. Not by competition
Are species more abundant AT K? No! They just have enough advantage with shelter and food. The species is more abundant below K.
K Carrying capacity. More than one species can support.
tolerance limits extreme environmental conditions in which an organism can live in
An example of exponential growth slowing down Collared doves (introduced species)
After colonizing, what happened the the collared dove population? Grew exponentially
However what happened to the predicted model? It began to slow down within 20 years
When a population is at low density... They have more advantages such as survival, shelter, reproduction, and food
When a population is at high density... Just enough; slows down and levels off b/c resources have become limited
What kinds of forces prevent unchecked population growth? Competition for resources / Catastrophes / Predators / Diseases / Severe Climate Changes
Created by: animalsavior
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