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Basics of Geography
Physical Features
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| hill | round high land, not as high as mountain, but at least 1,000 feet |
| pass | ravine or pass in mountain range |
| canyon | deep narrow valley with steep sides and a stream running through it, such as the Grand Canyon with the Colorado River running through it |
| mountain range | mountains connected in a group formed at the same geologic time period |
| plateau | flat level top of a mountain or hill, think of a flat plate at the top of high land |
| cape | point of land that juts out into the water, such as Cape Cod |
| delta | triangular deposit of sand and soil at mouth of river, such as the Mississippi Delta |
| peninsula | narrow land mass surrounded by water on three sides, such as Florida |
| island | area of land smaller than a continent surrounded by water on all sides |
| archipelago | chain of islands, such as the chain of islands forming Japan |
| isthmus | narrow strip of land joining two larger areas of land, such as Isthmus of Panama connecting North and South America |
| basin | low depression in Earth's surface containing water, think of the bottom of a bowl |
| fjord or fiord | long narrow inlet with steep sides made by glaciers |
| tributary | stream feeding into larger body of water, think of it as "contributing" to the larger body of water |
| sound | wide channel of water between a mainland and an island, such as Rhode Island Sound between mainland and island of Jamestown |
| river | wide stream of fresh water that runs across land |
| lake | large body of water surrounded by land on all sides |
| harbor | body of water near coast where ships can anchor safely |
| strait | narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies of water, such as Strait of Gibraltar, connecting Mediterranean Sea to Atlantic Ocean |
| lagoon | shallow coastal body of water with rocky, sandy coral barrier protecting it from open sea |
| canal | artificial [man-made] waterway constructed for shipping, such as Panama Canal |
| bay | area of sea enclosed by wide inward curving coastline |
| gulf | large sea inlet enclosed by land |
| estuary | wide lower part of river where tide flows in |
Created by:
poffmoore
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