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Physiology- Respir.
the physiology of respiration
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| quiet breathing | the active contraction of the diaphragm for inspiration followed by passive expiration by elasticity and gravity |
| minute volume | the volume of air involved in one minute of respiration (quiet breathing) |
| residual volume (RV) | the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum exhalation |
| tidal volume (TV) | the volume of air exchanged in one cycle of respiration |
| inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) | the volume of air that can be inhaled after a tidal inspiration |
| expiratory reserve volume (ERV) | the volume of air that can be expired following passive, tidal expiration; also know as resting lung volume |
| dead air | the volume of air within the conducting passageways that cannot be involved in gas exchange (included as a component of residual volume) |
| vital capacity (VC) | the volume of air that can be inhaled following a maximal exhalation; amount of air potential for speech production; includes inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory reserve volume (VC = IRV + TV + ERV) |
| functional residual capacity (FRC) | the volume of air in the body at the end of passive exhalation; inculdes expiratory reserve and residual volumes (FRC = ERV + RV) |
| inspiratory capacity (IC) | the maximum inspiratory volume possible after tidal expiration (IC = TV + IRV) |
| total lung capacity (TLC) | the sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume (TLC = IC + FRC) |
| subglottal pressure (Ps) | pressure below vocal folds; glottis - opening between the vocal folds |
| intrapleural pressure (Ppl) | pressure in space between parietal and visceral pleurae; always negative |
| 3-5 cm water | minimum driving pressure needed to make vocal folds move |
| 7-10 cm water | conversational speech |
| >10 cm water | loud speech able to be produced |
| nonspeech respiration % | 40% inhalation, 60% exhalation |
| speech production % | 10% inhalation, 90% exhalation |
| checking action | impeding the flow of air out of your inflated lungs by using the muscles of inspiration; lets the air out slowly |
| resting lung volume | the amount of air in your lungs at the bottom of a passive expiration; 38% of vital capacity |
| wet spirometer | measures respiratory flow, volumes, and capacities; jar inside water, inside a jar |
| U-tube Manometer | method used to measure how much pressure a patient can generate |
Created by:
terriers16
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