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C-Spine & T-Spine
Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy Ch 8 Self Test
Question | Answer |
---|---|
At which vertebral level does the solid spinal cord terminate? | Lower Border of L-1 |
How many segments make up the sacrum in the neonate? | 5 |
Which divisions of the spine is described as possessing a primary curve? | Thoracic, Sacral |
True/False: The lumber possesses a concave posterior spinal curvature. | True |
An abnormal or exaggerated thoracic spinal curvature with increased convexity is called: | Kyphosis |
An abnormal or exaggerated lateral spinal curvature is called: | Scoliosis |
What is the correct term for the condition involving a "slipped disk" | Herniated Nucleus Pulposus(HNP) |
Which foramina are created by the superior and inferior vertebral notches? | Intervertebral |
Which joints are found between the ruperior and inferior articular processes? | Zypapophyseal Joints |
What structure makes up the inner aspect of the intervertebral disk? | Nucleus Polposus |
True/False: The carotid artery and certain nerves pass through the cervical transverse foramina | False |
True/False: The thoracic spine possesses facets for rib articulations and bifid spinous processes. | False |
The intervertebral foramina for the cervical spine lie at a _____ angle to the midsagittal plane. | 45° |
Which ligament holds the dens against the anterior arch of C1? | Transverse Atlantal Ligament |
The large joint space between C1 and C2: | Zygapophyseal Joint |
Two partial facets found on the thoracic vertebrae are called: | Demifacets |
What are two distinctive features of all cervical vertebrae that make them different from any other vertebrae? | Each have 3 foramina, Bifid Process |
What is the one feature of all thoracic vertebrae that makes them different from all other vertebrae? | Facets for articulation with ribs |
Which position of the thoracic spine best demonstrates the intervertebral foramina? | Lateral |
How are the specific vertebrae of C1-C7 identified? | Transverse Foramina, Bifid Spinous Process Tips, Overlapping Vertebral Bodies, Articular Pillers(C1-C2,Lateral Masses), Atlas(C1) has no body, C1 has anterior tubercle, Odontoid Process(dens) located on C2, Axis(C2), Vertebral Promines(C7) |
Which position or projection of the cervical spine best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints(between C3-C7)? | Lateral |
Which specific joint spaces are visualized with a left anterior oblique(LPO) projection fo the thoracic spine? | Left zygapophyseal Joints(downside) |
Landmarks: Vertebra Pominens | C7-T1 |
Landmarks: Jugular Notch | T2-T3 |
Landmarks: 3 to 4(8 to 10cm) inches below the jugular notch | T7 |
Landmarks: Gonion | C3 |
Landmarks: Sternal Angle | T4-T5 |
Landmarks: Thyroid Cartilage | C4-C6 |
What imaging modalities is not normally performed to rule out a hearniated nucleus pulposus(HNP) | Nuclear Medicine |
An avulsion fracture of the spinous processes of C6-T1 is called: | Clay Shoveler's Fracture |
Scheuermann disease is a form of: | Scoliosis and/or Kyphosis |
True/False: HNP most frequently develops at the L2-L3 vertebral level. | False |
Which two things can be done to minimize the effects of scatter radiation on lateral projections of the thoracic and lumbar spine? | Close Collimation, Lead mat behind patient on the table top |
Which position or projection best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints between C1-C2 | Anterioposterior(AP) Open Mouth Projection |
AP Axial projection of the cervical spine: | 15°-20° Cephalad |
Anterior oblique projection of the cervical spine: | 15° Caudad |
Posterior oblique projection of the cervical spine: | 15° Cephalad |
Which projection of the cervical spine demonstrates the left intervertebral foramen? | Left Anterior Oblique(LAO) |