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CNA 2016 C. 25*
oxygen needs and respiratory therapies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A sesitivity to a substance that causes the body to react with signs and symptoms | allergy |
| the lack or absence of breathing | apnea |
| rapid and deep respirations followed by 10-30 seconds o apnea | Biot's respirations |
| slow breathing, less than 12 per minute | bradypnea |
| Respirations gradually increase in rate and depth and then become shallow and slow, breathing may stop for 10-20 seconds | Cheyne-Stokes respriations |
| bluish color to the skin, lips, mucous membranes, and nail beds | cyanosis |
| difficult, labored, or painful breathing | dyspnea |
| bloody sputum | hemoptysis |
| respirations are rapid and deeper than normal | hyperventilaiton |
| respirations are slow, shallow, and sometimes irregular | hypoventilaiton |
| a reduced amount of oxygen in the blood | hypoxemia |
| cells do not have enough oxygen | hypoxia |
| very deep and rapid respirations | Kussmaul respirations |
| breathing deeply and comfortably only when sitting | orthopnea |
| sitting up and leaning over a table t breathe | orthopneic position |
| the amount of hemoglobin containing oxygen | oxygen concentration |
| a harmful chemical or substance in the air or water | pollutant |
| when breathing stops | respiratory arrest |
| Respirations are slow and weak. They are not deep enough to bring air into the lungs. This is: | respiratory depression |
| mucus from the respirtory system that is expectorated through the mouth | sputum |
| rapid breathing respirations are more than 20 per minute | tachypnea |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| ID | identification |
| L/min | Liters Per minute |
| O2 | Oxygen |
| RBC | Red blood cell |
| SpO2 | Oxygen Saturation |
| Which part of the blood carries oxygen? | Red Blood Cells |
| Brain damage can affect respirations in what way? | respiratory rate, rhythm, depth |
| Aging affects oxygen needs in what way? | respiratory muscles weaken, coughing stregnth decreases, lung tissue is less elastic. |
| Oxygen needs increase with what? | exercise, fever, pain |
| Narcotics affect oxygen needs in what way? | they depress the respiratory center in the brain |
| If abused, narcotics and depressant drugs can cause what? | respiratory depression and respiratory arrest. |
| To produce red blood cells, the body needs what? | iron and vitamins |
| Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged where? | at the aveoli |
| The earliest symptoms of hypoxia are: | restlessness, dizziness, disorientation |
| What are some causes of tachypnea? | fever, exercise, pain, pregnancy, airway obstruction, hypoxemia. |
| Persons who are in cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest have | apnea |
| Cyanosis can be observed where? | skin, mucous membranes, lips, nail beds |
| A productive cough produces | sputum |
| A radioisotope is given for which diagnostic test? | lung scan |
| ________________________ involves inserting a needle into the chest wall. | thoracentesis |
| ___________________ measures the amount of air moving into and out of the lungs. | pulmonary function test |
| SpO2 normal range: | 95%-100% |
| Pulse oximetry monitors display ________________ and ________________. | SpO2 and pulse rate |
| Pulse oximetry sensor sites | finger, toe, earlobe, nose, forehead |
| When does an alarm sound on the pulse oximeter? | O2 concentration is low, pulse is too fast or slow, other problems occur. |
| A resident has a pulse oximetry sensor on his left index finger. You need to measure his blood pressure: | use the right arm |
| To prevent respiratory complications, a person is re-positioned at least every ___ hours. | 2 |
| ________________ removes mucus | coughing |
| A part of a resident’s lung has collapsed. This is __________________. | atelectasis |
| You are assisting a resident with deep-breathing and coughing exercises. The person needs to inhale through _________________. | the nose |
| You are assisting a resident with coughing and deep-breathing exercises. She needs to exhale through ___________________. | pursed lips |
| You are assisting with deep-breathing and coughing exercises. The person needs to cough ________________________. | twice with the mouth open |
| The deep breaths taken using incentive spirometry are like ________________ or ___________. | coughing and sneezing |
| What is measured during incentive spirometry? | the amount of air inhaled |
| Incentive spirometry improves lung function because it __________________. | moves air though the lungs |
| Which oxygen sources are used when the person is ambulatory or uses a wheelchair? | small or portable oxygen tank |
| What is the danger of liquid oxygen systems? | freeze the skin |
| An oxygen administration device has two prongs that insert into the nostrils. This device is a ____________________. | nasal cannula |
| Oxygen is humidified to | keep the airway moist |
| A resident is receiving oxygen therapy. Connecting tubing must be ________________. | free of kinks |
| You are not responsible for oxygen therapy because | nursing assistants do not give drugs |
| To meet oxygen needs, respiratory structures must be | intact |
| A resident has cardiovascular disease. The person has narrowed blood vessels. Why are oxygen needs affected? | Blood flow to and from the heart are affected. |
| Anything affecting respiratory function can cause | hypoxia |
| What is reported to the nurse about sputum? | color, odor, and consistency |
| You find a person leaning forward over a table. What should you do? | tell the nurse |
| You can assist with collecting a sputum specimen | True |
| Nail polish affects | pulse oximetery measurements. |
| A person has continuous pulse oximetery monitoring. The person's apical or radial pulse rate should be | equal to the pulse rate displayed. |
| Respiratory secretions do what? | provide an environment for microbes. |
| A resident is in the orthopenic position. How can you increase the person's comfort? | place a pillow on the over-bed table |
| Lying on one side for too long | prevents lung expansion on that side and allows secretions to pool |
| What can cause part of a lung to collapse? | mucous collecting in the airway |
| Deep breathing and coughing exercises are usually done | every 2 hours |
| How many deep breaths and coughs does a person need to do? | as many as directed by the nurse and care plan |
| You are assisting a resident with deep-breathing and coughing exercises. For these exercises, the person can be positioned in what way? | semi-fowler's |
| A resident had abdominal surgery. You are assisting the person with deep-breathing and coughing exercises. What will promote the person's comfort during coughing? | holding a pillow over the incision. |
| You are assisting a resident with incentive spirometry. What does the person do? | Take a slow, deep breath until the balls raise to the desired height. |
| Incentive Spirometry is also called | Sustained maximal inspiration. |
| A resident uses incentive spirometry. How many breaths does the person need to take with the device? | as many as the nurse directs. |
| Incentive spirometry improves lung function because it | moves air deep into the lungs |
| _________ decides how much oxygen to give. | the doctor |
| _________ decides which oxygen device to use. | The doctor |
| _________ decides when to give oxygen | the doctor |
| _________ starts and maintains oxygen therapy. | the nurse and respiratory therapist |
| Which oxygen administration device allows the person to talk and eat? | nasal cannula |
| Which oxygen administration device does not cover the nose and mouth? | nasal cannula |
| _________ sets up and adjusts the oxygen flow rate. | the nurse or respiratory therapist |
| A resident receives oxygen at 2L/min. You note the flow rate is at 4L/min. What should you do? | Tell the nurse |
| The nurse asks you to set up for oxygen administration. What can you do? | attach the administration device and connecting tubing to the humidifier, secure connecting tubing in place. |
| A resident receives oxygen therapy. The nurse reminds you to check for signs of irritation from the device. What areas do you check? | under the nose, ears, cheeks |
| A resident is receiving oxygen therapy. The humidifier is not bubbling. What should you do? | tell the nurse |
| A person is receiving oxygen therapy. the nurse asks you to adjust the flow rate. What should you do? | refuse the task and explain why. |
| Blood in the plural space | hemothroax |
| The process of inserting an artificial airway | intubation |
| using a machine to move air into and out of the lungs is | mechanical ventilation |
| the escape and collection of fluid in the pleural space is | pleural effusion |
| Air in the pleural space is | pneumothroax |
| The process of withdrawing or sucking up fluid is | suction |
| Only _________ can perform tracheostomies | doctors |
| A person's artificial airway came out. What should you do? | call for the nurse at once |
| Persons with artificial airways need | frequent oral hygiene |
| What sensations are common with artificial airways? | gagging and choking |
| Persons with endotracheal tubes are unable to | speak |
| A person has a tracheostomy tube. To communicate with the person | follow the care plan |
| ____________________________ are followed during trach care. | Standard precautions and the bloodborne pathogen standard. |
| A resident has a permanent tracheostomy. The person wants to go outside, what does the person need to wear? | a scarf or blouse that will cover the stoma. |
| A resident has a permanent tracheostomy. The person wants to take a shower. What do you do? | A shower guard is used and a hand-held nozzle is used to direct water away from the stoma |
| Suctioning is done when the person cannot | cough up secretions. |
| A suction cycle lasts _____ seconds. | 10-15 |
| Suctioning is done when? | as needed |
| The nurse asks you to assist with suctioning. Before assisting, what do you do? | Know what the nurse expects from you |
| If not done correctly, suctioning can cause what? | serious harm |
| Mechanical ventilation requires a __________________ tube. | endotrachial or tracheostomy |
| An alarm sounds on a mechanical ventilator. What should you do first? | check to see if the tube is attached to the ventilator, if not attach it and tell the nurse. |
| Chest tubes are attached to | drainage system |
| A resident has chest tubes. Connecting tubes | are kept coiled on the bed. |
| You observe bright red drainage from the chest tubes. What should you do? | tell the nurse |
| What is kept at the bedside in case a chest tube comes out? | sterile petrolatum gauze |
| Artificial airways are used | to keep the airway open. |
Created by:
heatherhibbs
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