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NUR 111 Test 1
NUR 111 test 1 Review
| ICN International Council of Nurses | Promotion of health, prevention of illness, collaborative care. |
| ANA American Nurses Associations | Values and social responsibility |
| Aims of nursing | Promote health, prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate coping in illness or death |
| Nurse Practice Acts | Define legal scope. Exclude untrained/unlicensed persons. Created state BON, Make rules/regs. Def important terms/activities in nuring. Provide legal RN/LPN titles. Establish criteria/education for nurses |
| Generational groups | Veteran - born 1925-1944. Baby boomer - born 1945-1960. Generation X - born 1961-1980. Millenial - born 1981-2000. |
| Remission | A disease that is present, but the person does not experience symptoms. |
| The human dimensions | Physical. Emotional. Intellectual. Environmental. Sociocultural. Spiritual. |
| Negative nitrogen balance | Breakdown of protein, more than what is produced. aka - muscle wasting. |
| Tonus | State of slight contraction |
| Isokinetic, isometric, isotonic exercise definitions | Isokinetic - muscle contraction with resistance.Isometric - Muscle contraction without shortening. Isotonic - muscle conraction and shortening |
| Isokinetic, isometric, isotonic exercise examples | Isokinetic - used for conditioning. Wt lifting. Isometric - "locking" a joint in place. Uses for strenth/endurance. Cast. Isotonic - running, swimming. Active ROM. ADL's. |
| Ankylosis | Consolidation and immobilization of a joint |
| Exogenous / Endogenous | Organism acquired from other people (infectious agent). Infection from organism coming from microbes harbored in the person (normal flora |
| Iatrogenic | Caused by health care treatment or procedure. |
| Nosocomial | Infection aquired in health care setting. |
| Stomatitis | Inflammation of oral mucosa |
| Glossitis | Inflammation of tongue |
| Chelosis | Ulceration of corners of the lip |
| Caries | Cavities |
| Gingivitis | Inflammation of the gingiva (gums) |
| Periodontitis | Inflammation of the gums that involves degeneration of the dental periosteum |
| Halatosis | Bad breath / bad taste |
| Alopecia | Hair loss |
| Pediculosis | Infestation of lice |
| Cerumen | Ear wax |
| BMI | kg/m2 |
| BMR Basal metabolic requirement | 1 cal/kg/hr. So, a 70kg person would need 70 x 24 cal per day (1800 Cal) |
| Health promotion / illness prevention. Primary, secondary, tertiary. | Primary - promotion of health, prevention of disease. Secondary - screening for early detection. Tertiary - begins after illness diagnosed. Reduces disability and helps rehabilitate to max function. |
| MHR Maximum heart rate formula. THR Target heart rate formula. | 220-age=MHR. MHR*0.75=THR. |
| Exercise recommendation - 150 minutes moderate | 2.5h or 150m of moderate intensity aerobic activity every week and muscle strengthening activities on 2 or more days per week that work all major muscle groups. |
| Exercise recommendation - 75 minutes vigorous | 1h 15m or 75m of vigorous intensity aerobic activity every week and muscle strengthening activities on 2 or more days per week that work all major muscle groups. |
| Exercise recommendation - mix mod/vigorous | An equivalent mix of mod and vigorous intensity aerobic activity and muscle strengthening activities on 2 or more days per week that work all major muscle groups. |
| Macronutrient recommendations for water | Minimum 1.5 L/day. Recommended 3 L/day (men slightly more than women) |
| Macronutrient recommendations for protein / carbs / fats | Protein: 1/3 of daily calories. Carbs: 1/2 of daily calories. Fats: 1/4 of daily calories. |
| Complete vs incomplete proteins | Complete - animal proteins. Incomplete - plant proteins. |
| Calories per gram: Fats, protein, carb | Protein: 4 cal/gram. Carbs: 4 cal/gram. Fats: 9 cal/gram. |
| Liver products include | Lipid carrier proteins (or NZ). |
| Lipid types (lipoproteins) | VLDL - very low density lipoproteins - carry triglycerides (TG) to tissues. LDL - low density lipoproteins - carry cholesterol. HDL - high densitity lipoproteins - carry XS cholesterol from the tissues. (LDL= "bad" and HDL="good" cholesterol) |
| Fat soluble vitamins | ADEK= DEAK |
| Water soluble vitamins | C. B complex. |
| Macrominerals (major minerals) | Na K Cl Ca Mg PO3 S |
| Microminerals (trace elements) | Fe I Zn Cu Mn Cr Co Se Mo Fl |
| Vegetarian | Focus on plants on food. May consume fish, dairy, and eggs. |
| Vegan | Type of vegetarian that does not use dairy, fish, eggs, leather, etc. No animal products of any kind. |
| Lacto vegetarian | Vegetarian that uses dairy products. |
| Lacto-ovo vegetarian | Vegetarian that uses dairy and eggs. |
| Americanization | Quick, easy, fat-causing fast food. |
| African american | "soul food". use lard, deep fried. Prefer packaged meat and pork. Low intake of fruits and vegetables. Increased d.m. htn. |
| Asian american | Fruits and vegetables - peeled and raw. Stir fry. Bite sized meat. Increased bread and cereal. Increased sodas. Health risks: hi sodium intake and increased CA since living in US. |
| Latino american | Drive slow. Love tacos. Fry/stew in lard or oil. Meats ground and mixed with vegetables and stuffed. Risks: d.m. |
| S&S of inadequate nutrition | Hair: dull, dry, brittle. Skin: dry patches. Wounds: poor healing, sores. No SC fat. Muscle wasting. Severe malnutrition: hypoalbuminema and ascites. VS: abnormal cardivascular measurements. General: weakness and/or impaired condition. |
| Fluid I/O | Ave output 2.5L/day or 100mL/h. Minimum 30mL/h. |
| Albumin normal lab value. Prealbumin normal lab value. | Albumin = 3.5-5.5 (similar to K) Prealbumin = 23-43. |
| Diet - Clear | |
| Diet - Full liquid | Substances that are liquid at body temp. |
| Diet - mechanical soft | For client with difficulty chewing or swallowing. Ex: OJ, cream of wheat, scrambled eggs. |
| Diet - soft | Modification of regular diet for patient who has difficulty chewing or has no teeth. Ex: dinner roll, cream of wheat, beans, soft cookie. |
| Diet - high fiber | High fiber foods from plant sources. |
| Diet - low sodium | Ave Na is 4g/day. This diet is <2g/day. Used for cirrhosis, htn, renal dz. Everything is unsalted. Excluded: bacon, BBQ, ketchup, corned beef, packaged meat, olives, soy sauce, etc |
| Diet - low cholesterol | No animal products. PURE plant products contain no cholesterl. Avoid fats that are solid at room temperature - these are basically saturated fast - palm and coconut. |
| Diet - d.m. | Low carb. Diabetics have difficulty neutralizing carbs. Low carbohydrate - consistent low carb diet for all 3 meals. Apple sauce, creamed soup, gelatin, custard. Avoidance of grains. |
| Diet - dysphagic | For client who has difficulty swallowing due to head & neck CA. Stoke, surgery, etc. Example: sloppy Joe with no bun, hot cereal, canned fruit. |
| Diet - regular | Normal diet |
| Diet - pureed | For pt with problems chewing/swallowing. Pureed vegetables/meats, pudding, etc. |
| Sleep - stages | NREM - 75% Stage I - very light. Stage II - light sleep with slowed body processes. Stage III/IV - deep sleep - difficult to arouse - snoring most likely. REM sleep - 25% - occurs every 90m and lasts for 5-30m - brain is highly active and dreaming. |
| Sleep needed by age | Newborn - 16-18h. Infant 14-15. Toddler 12-14. Preschool 11-13. School age 10-11. Adolescent 9-12. Adult 7-9. Mnemonic "16-8 in 7 steps" |
Created by:
mojoshare
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