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DMS333-PH3

USIDMS Kidney/Urinary tract

QuestionAnswer
What is the outer layer of the kidney that contains the functioning units called nephrons? Kidney cortex
What is the inner portion of the kidney that contain the renal pyramids of equal size and shape? Kidney medulla
What is between each pyramid? Column of Bertin
Area where renal artery enters and renal vein/ureter exit the kidney? Renal hilum
Area where ureteral openings and urethral exit on inferior portion of bladder? Trigone Area
Which renal artery is longer and posterior to IVC? Right renal artery
Which renal vein is longer? Left renal vein
4 functions of the kidneys 1. Remove metabolic waste from blood 2. Produce and excrete urine 3. Maintain salt and water homeostasis 4. Regulate blood volume, acid/base volume, and electrolyte concentration
4 Protective mechanisms 1. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) 2. Aldosterone Hormone 3. Juxtaglomerular apparatus 4. Erythropoietin Hormone
Explain Renal Perfusion Aorta>Renal artery>Interlobar arteries> Arcuate arteries>Interlobular arteries>Afferent arterioles>Glomerulus of nephron
3 processes of urine formation 1. Glomerular filtration 2. Tubular reabsorption 3. Tubular secretion
What is the most common renal mass? Simple renal cyst
Cyst in renal sinus that doesn't connect with collecting system? Parapelvic cyst
Name 3 Congenital renal cystic diseases 1.Infantile autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease 2.Adult polycystic kidney disease 3.Multicystic dysplastic kidney disease
What is intratubular calcification of collecting ducts in medullary pyramids that causes stone formation, hematuria, infection? Medullary Sponge Kidney
Most common solid renal tumor in children? AKA? Wilm's tumor (nephroblastoma)
Most common malignant renal tumor that originates in the renal cortex? Renal cell carcinoma
Most common benign renal tumor that is composed of fat, blood vessels and smooth muscle. Typically hyperechoic on US? Angiomyolipoma/renal hamartoma
Infection of the kidney is known as? Pyelonephritis
What is the most common medical renal disease to produce acute renal failure? Acute tubular necrosis
Created by: pahead
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