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ABG 69
Unit I Slides
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The most abundant base in body fluids | HCO3 |
| A substance that reacts with an acid or base to prevent large change in pH | Buffer |
| What is normal blood pH at sea level? | 7.35-7.45 |
| Normal urine pH? | 4-8 |
| Can generate additional bicarbonate and eliminate excess hydrogen, responds from hours to days! can maintain balance indefinitely in chronic imbalances | Renal System |
| Acid-base Imbalance is produced when ____ ratio between acid and base content is altered. Occurs when compensatory mechanisms fail | 1:20 |
| Affect carbonic acid concentration | Respiratory Imbalance |
| Affect bicarbonate | Metabolic Imbalance |
| Provide information about: Acid-base status, Underlying cause of imbalance, Body’s ability to regulate pH, Overall oxygen status | ABG's |
| What is normal paCO2 at sea level? | 35-45 mmHg |
| What is normal paO2 at sea level? | 80-100 mmHg |
| What is normal HCO3- at sea level? | 22-26 mEq/L |
| What is normal SaO2 at sea level? | >95% |
| What is the bodies compensatory mechanism for Respiratory Acidosis? | Kidneys conserve HCO3- and secrete H+ into urine |
| Primary cause is due to hypoxemia due to acute pulmonary disorder, Hyperventilation, Compensation- buffering with Cl- shift out of cell (acute); renal excretion of HCO3 -(chronic) | Respiratory Akalosis |
| Causes LOC, confusion, restlessness, stupor, coma, Headache, Tachycardia, dysrhythmias, Warm/flushed skin, Hyperkalemia? | Respiratory Acidosis |
| Causes DKA, uremia, acidic drugs, lactic acidosis, renal failure? | Metabolic Acidosis (Add +1acid) |
| Diarrhea, pancreatic problems, laxatives? | Metabolic Acidosis (Minus -1 base) |
| Kussmaul respiration; kidneys attempt to excrete additional acid? | Compensation for Metabolic Acidosis |
| Caused by antacids, massive blood transfusions? | Metabolic Alkalosis (Add+1 base) |
| Etiology; NGT suction, vomiting, steroids, diuretic therapy, hypokalemia? | Metabolic Alkalosis (Minus -1 acid) |
| What is the compensatory mechanism for Metabolic Alkalosis? | Decreased respiratory rate; renal excretion of HCO3 |
| CNS excitability, hyperactive reflexes, convulsions, Dysrhythmias, Hypokalemia, Treatment- treat cause, K replacement, +/- Diamox? | Metabolic Alkalosis- Behavior/Treatment |
| The three mechanisms by which the body regulates acid-base balance. | Buffer, Respiratory & Renal |
| Is the fastest-acting system and the primary regulator of acid-base balance. | Buffer System |
Created by:
BOjangles1006
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