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SME Chpt. 10

Chapter 10

TermDefinition
Classical Physics The branches of physics developed before 1900 including mechanics, thermodynamics, optics, acoustics,and electromagnetism.
Modern Physics The more recent contributions including quantum mechanics, relativity, solid state physics, and particle physics.
Resultant A vector showing the combined effect of two or more vectors
Dynamics The study of motion and forces
Velocity the change in position divided by time
Acceleration Any change in velocity
First Law of Motion The velocity of an object does not change unless the object of acted upon by an external force
Second Law of Motion Applies to the motion of all objects regardless of acceleration
Third Law of Motion For every action their is an equal and opposite reaction
Law of Universal Gravitation Any two objects attract each other through gravitational force
Gravitational Constant The acceleration due to earths gravity
Centripetal Force That causes the object to travel in a curved path rather than a straight line
Friction The resistance arising to an objects motion though a fluid or across a surface
Kinetic Friction Affects sliding object already in motion
Static Friction Affects stationary objects, preventing them from moving at all.
Law of Conservation of Momentum When the overall external force acting on a system is zero, the momentum of the whole system remains constant.
Mechanical Advantage The number of times a machine multiplies the input
Efficiency is the ratio of work output to work input
Lever Can multiply force or speed with or without changing the input direction
Class 1 Lever The input and output forces are on opposite side of the fulcrum
Class 2 Lever The fulcrum is at one end of the lever, the input is applied at the other end and the output is between the input and the fulcrum
Class 3 Lever The output at the other end and the input force applied between the fulcrum and the output.
Pulley is a simple machine consisting of a wheel over which a rope or cable passes
Fixed Pulley A pulley that does not move with the load
Movable Pulley A pulley directly attached to a moving load
Block and Tackle A combination of one or more fixed pulleys and one or more movable pulleys
Inclined Plane Is a sloping surface that allows an object to be raised without lifting it straight up.
Wedge Is a special form of inclined plane that modifies the applied force and directs it to the side
Screw Is a simple machine resembling an inclined plane wrapped around a rod
Pitch The distance from one of the ridges or threads on the screws shaft or the next.
Created by: marvelwinchester
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