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Andrew Masich
Chapter8/10Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acid | a compound that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water |
| indicator | any substance that changes colorin the present of an acid or base. |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water |
| neutralization | the reaction between an acid and base |
| salt | negative ions in an acid and positive ions in a base combine toforma salt. |
| pH | the measure of hydronium ion concentration in a solution |
| buffer | a solutin resistant to large changes in pH |
| electrolyte | a subatance that ionizes or dissocates when its dissolved for water |
| radioactivity | the processin which an unstable atomic nucleus emits charged particles and energy |
| radioisotope | any atom that contains an unstable nucleus |
| nuclear radiation | charged particles and energy that are emitted from the nuclei of radioisotopes |
| alpha particle | positively charged particle made up of two protons and nuetrons. |
| beta particle | an electron emitted by an unstable nucleus |
| gamma ray | the penetrating ray of energy emitted by an unstable nucleus |
| backround reading | nuclear radiation that occurs naturally |
| strong nuclear force | the attractive force that binds protons and neutrons to the nucleus |
| fission | the splitting of an atomic nucleus into two parts |
| chain reaction | neutrons released during the splitting of an initial nucleus trigger a series of nuclear fissions. |
| critical mass | the smallest possible mass of a fissionable material that can withstand a chain reaction. |
| fusion | a process in which the nuclei of two atoms combine to form a larger nucleus. |
| plasma | a state of matter in which atoms have been stripped of their electrons |
| solute | a substance whose particles are dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | substance in which the solute dissolves in a substance |
| dissociation | the process in which an ionic compound separates into ions as it dissolves |
| dispersion | how sugar dissolves in water |
| ionization | the processin which neutron molecules gain or lose electrons. |
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andrew.masich
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