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OB
Complications of pregnancy and labor and delivery
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Threatened abortion | Spotting and cramping without cervical changes. |
| Inevitable abortion | Spotting and cramping and the cervix begins to dilate and efface. |
| Incomplete abortion | Loss of some of the products of conception occurs with part of the products retained. |
| Missed abortion | Products of conception are retained in utero after fetal death. |
| DIC | Disseminated intravascular coagulation- maternal condition in which the clotting cascade is activated, resulting in the formation of clots. |
| Predisposing conditions for DIC | Abruptio placentae, amniotic fluid embolism, gestational hypertension, intrauterine fetal death, liver disease, sepsis. |
| Nursing interventions for DIC | Remove the underlying cause, monitor vital signs, assess for bleeding and signs of shock, prepare for oxygen therapy, volume replacement, monitor urine output and maintain at 30 mL/hr |
| Dystocia | Difficult labor that is prolonged; caused by uterine contractions, the fetus or the bones and tissues of the maternal pelvis. |
| Assessment findings of dystocia | Excessive abdominal pain, abnormal contraction pattern, fetal distress, maternal or fetal tachycardia, lack of progress in labor. |
| Nursing interventions for dystocia client | Assess FHR, monitor uterine contractions, monitor maternal temp and HR, assist with pelvic exam, US, admin prophylactic antibiotics, admin IV fluids, monitor I&O,perform fetal monitoring if pitocin is prescribed, provide rest, assess for prolapse of cord. |
| Precipitous labor and delivery | Labor lasting less than 3 hrs. |
| Nsg. interventions for precipitous labor | Stay with the mother, encourage the mother to pant between contractions, prepare for rupturing membranes, do not try to keep the fetus from being delivered. |
| Preterm labor | Occurs after the 20th week but before the 37 th week of gestation. |
| S/S preterm labor | Uterine contractions, abdominal cramping, low back pain, pelvic pressure, change in character and amt of usual discharge, rupture of amniotic membrane |
| Nsg interventions for pre term labor | Focus on stopping the labor, restrict activity, identify and treat infection, ensure hydration, maintain bed rest and a lateral position, monitor fetal status, admin fluids. |
| Premature rupture of membranes | Spontaneous rupture of the amniotic membrane before the onset of labor. |
| Rupture of uterus | Complete or incomplete separation of the uterine tissue as a result of a tear in the wall of the uterus from the stress of labor. fetus can be palpated outside the uterus. |
Created by:
roseiv2014
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