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UND 363 Warthin Star
UND 363 Warthin Starry
Question | Answer |
---|---|
purpose for Warthin Starry | demo spirochetes |
Principle for Warthin Starry | argyrophil method (ability to bind or be impregnated with silver ions but require reducing agent) - spirochetes can bind silver but need hydroquinone to reduce to visible |
fix for Warthin Starry | NBF |
microns | 4-5 |
QC for Warthin Starry | tissue with spirochetes (MUST use new plastic centrifuge tubes and chemically clean glassware and non metalic forceps |
4 reagents in order for Warthin Starry | 1)adiculated water (h20 and citric acid) - must be ph 4 for spirochetes, 2)silver nitrate (1%) - impregnation, 3)hydroquinone - reducer, 4)developer - silver nitrate, gelatin, hydroquinone (reducer) |
resultes | spirochetes/other bacteria - black, background pale yellow to lt brown |
If underdeveloped what will the stain appear as and the FIX | yellow instead of black, FIX - develop new slides, or rehydrate and develop with fresh mixture |
If OVERdeveloped what occurs and what can be done | FIX -treat with iodine and sodium thiosulfate to remove color and then restain therefore it will non-selectively blacken ALL bacteria (use as screening method) |
what occurs to the hydroquinone via reduction | it is oxidized to quinone |