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What insulins Peak action is 1/2 to 1 hour?
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What insulins peak action is 2 to 3 hours?
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AI - Parenteral Meds
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What insulins Peak action is 1/2 to 1 hour? | Humalog |
| What insulins peak action is 2 to 3 hours? | Regular or Humulin R |
| What insulins peak actions are 8 to 12 hours? (2 types) | NPH o Humulin N and Lente or Humulin L |
| What insulins peak action is 10 to 20 hours? | Ultralente |
| What are two Long acting insulins? | Lantus and Ultralente |
| What insulin is rapid acting with an onset of < 15 minutes? | Humalog |
| What insulins duration is 5 to 7 hours? | Regular or Humulin R |
| What insulin has an onset of 1 to 2 hours, is cloudy, needs to be rotated or shaken, and can b mixed with regular or humalog? | NPH or Humulin N |
| What insulin has a duration of up to 24 hours, is intermediate acting, has an onset of 1 to 2 hours, is cloudy, and can be mixed with clear insulins? | Lente or Humulin L |
| What isuluin is premixed with 70%NPH and 30% Regular | Humulin 70/30 |
| Can you mix Humulin 70/30 with other types of insulin | No |
| What insulin is absorbed slowly from sc injection site and lasts 10 to24 hours? | Lantus |
| What insulin should you NEVER give IV and NEVER mix with other types of insulin? | Lantus |
| What insulin is long-acting, begins in 4 hr, and ends in 36 hours with peak action at 10 to 20 hours? | Ultralente |
| What insulin is often used to treat a pt who is NPO and can't take oral hypoglycemics? | Regular or Humulin R |
| 1 mL syringes are calibrated how? | 100th's of mL |
| 3 mL syringes are calibrated how? | 10th's of mL |
| Inulin syringes are calibrated how? | Units |
| A typical insulin syringe contains how many units? | 100U |
| A low dose insulin syringe normally contains how many units? | 30-50U |
| You round injectable meds less than 1 mL to. . .? | you round to the hundreths |
| You round injectable meds more than 1 mL to. . .? | you round to the tenths |
| The max dose for an avg adult IM is? | 3 mL |
| The max dose for an IM inj into the deltoid is? | 2 mL |
| Insulins are classified in what two ways? | origin and action |
| An insulin syringe is used only to measure what? | insulin |
| When mixing insulins, which do you inject air into first? | cloudy insulin |
| When mixing insulins, which do you draw from first? | clear insulin |
| Which insulin do you NEVER mix | Lantus |
| 1 or 2 nurses should be present to check insulin? | 2 |
| You should inject air into the vial and not the what? | solution |
| In surgical asepsis, an object is considered contaminated if it touches anything else that is not what? | sterile |
| In surgical asepsis, a wet field is considered contaminated if the surface immediately below it is not what? | sterile |
| In surgical asepsis, doing this will ensure object is always within sight and prevent accidental contamination. | Holding objects above the level of the waist |
| One should consider the outer what of a sterile field contaminated? | the outer 1 inch |
| If you have any doubts about an objects sterility you should consider the object what? | contaminated |
| Lipping a sterile solution means what? | pouring out a small amount of previously opened solution into a waste receptacle to clean th rim of the bottle |
| a solution is considered sterile for how many hours after opening? | 24 hours |
| If one is not wearing sterile gloves, they can only touch the outer what of a sterile drape | the outer 1 inch can be touched |
| This means anything besides oral or outside the intestines or alimentary canal | Parenteral |
| This refers to the diameter of the needle | guage |
| Needles are gauged from 18 to 30. Which one has the larger needle diameter? | 18 |
| What are the 5 criteria to consider when choosing equipment for injection? | 1. route of administration2. viscosity of the solution3. quantity to be administered4. body size5. type of medication |
| What are the various parts of the needle and syringe? | plunger, barrel - syringehub, needle - needleshaft, lumen, bevel - parts of the needle |
| Most needlestick injuries occur when. . . | recapping |
| What parts of the syringe and needle must be kept sterile? | inside of the barrel, part of the plunger that enters the barrel, tip of the barrel, and the needle except for the exterior of the needle hub |
| When cleaning the site for injection, one should use alcohol or another antimicrobial substance working in a what motion, from the what outward? | circular motion fom the center of the site |
| 5 mL equals . . . | 1 teaspoon |
| 30 mL equals. . . | 1 oz and 8 dr |
| 15 mL equals. . . | 1 Tablespoon |
| You should always use what when drawing meds from an ampule? | filter needle |
| Contamination occurs when drawing from an ampule if what happens? | one touches the needle to the rim of the ampule |
| When one is using a multidose vial, what 3 things should always be done? | 1.label the vial with time and date first used2.wipe the rubber stopper with alcohol each time the medication is removed 3. inject air into vial to facilitate removal of meds |
| Even though some cartriges and syringes are prefilled, one should always what? | double check the dosage because most are normally overfilled |
| What is the angle for an intradermal inj? | 15-10 |
| What is the angle for a SC inj? | 45 and 90 |
| what is the angle for an IM inj? | 72-90 |
| The technique of adding a diluent to a powdered drug is termed. . . | reconstitution |
| What has the diluent and powder in the same vial but separated by a rubber stopper? | Actovials |
| When mixing meds into one syringe what must you do first? | esure the two drugs are compatible |
| When mixing meds from a multidose vial and a single dose vial, which one is drawn first? | multidose vial |
| When mixing meds from an ampule and vial which one is drawn first? | vial |
| Is mixing more then 2 drugs in one syringe recommended? | no, but if it must be done, the pharmacist should be contacted to determine the compatibility of the three drugs as well as the pH values and the preservatives that may be present in each drug. |
| What drug is incompatible with other drugs in the same syringe? | diazepam (Valium) |
| Insulin is naturally produced by what? | pancreas |
| A vial of insulin unrefrigerated may be used safely for how many months? | 1 |
| A vial of insulin refrigerated may be kept for how many months? | 3 |
| These injections are administered into the dermis, just below the epidermis. . . | Intradermal |
| This route of administration (inj.) has the longest absorption time of all parenteral routes | Intradermal route |
| The Intradermal inj. is used mainly for what two things? | sensitivity tests (TB and allergies) and local anesthesia |
| What are the two typical sites for Intradermal injections? | inner surface of the forearm and the upper back |
| What type of syringe is used for an Intradermal injections? | Tuberculin syringe |
| What size needle and gauge is used for an Intradermal inj? | 1/4 - 1/2 and 26 or 27 gauge |
| What is the usual dose for an Intradermal inj? | less than 0.5 mL |
| What are three abbreviations for Subcutaneous? | Subc, Subq, and SC |
| What injection is administered into the adipose tissue layer just below the epidermis and dermis? | SC |
| What two drugs are normally administered by the SC route? | insulin and heparin |
| Because the Adipose tissue has fewer blood vessels, what does this do to the absorption of drugs administered there? | they have a slow, sustained rate of absorption into the capillaries |
| What are the 5 sites used for SC inj? | outer aspect of upper arm, the abdomen (below the costal magin to the iliac crests), the anterior aspects of the thigh, the upper back, and the upper ventrogluteal area. |
| Injections in this location are most rapidly absorbed. . . | abdomen |
| Injections in this location have the slowest absorption | upper ventral or gluteal areas |
| What size needle and gauge should be used for a SC inj? | 3/8 to 1" and 25 - 30 gauge |
| At what angles are SC inj. given? | 45 an 90 degree angles |
| What length needle would be used for an SC inj. at a 45 degree angle? | 5/8" |
| What length needle would be used for an SC inj. at a 90 degree angle? | 3/8" |
| Would you aspirate while giving an SC inj? | no |
| Aspiration after insertion of what med would cause a hematoma formation? | heparin |
| After withdrawing the needle from an SC inj. what do you do to the inj. site? | apply gentle pressure |
| If multiple inj. are needed, how far from the previous site would you administer the next? | 1 inch |
| When administering inj. into the abdomen, you should avoid what areas? | 2" around the umbilicus and the belt line |
| Insulin syringes are available with what length needles and what gauges? | 5/16 and 1/2" and 28-30 gauge |
| How many mL does a typical insulin syringe contain? | 3/10 - 1mL |
| Where is heparin (Lovenox - enoxaparin) administered? At what angle is it administered? Do you pinch the tissue? | abdomen at a 90 degree angle with tissue pinched |
| What medication is prepackaged with an air-bubble? | enoxaparin (Lovenox) |
| What is CSII? | continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion |
| What medications are administered with a CSII? | insulin and terbutaline |
| Sites are changed every how many days with a CSII? | every 2-3 days |
| This medicaiton stops pre-term labor | terbutaline |
| When giving an IM inj. into the vastus lateralis, what length needle is used? | 5/8 to 1" |
| When giving an IM inj. into the Deltoid of a child, what length needle is used? | 5/8 to 1" |
| When giving an IM inj. into the Deltoid of an adult, what length needle is used? | 1 to 1 1/2"(1.5) |
| When giving an IM inj. into the ventrogluteal area of an adult, what length needle is used? | 1 1/2" (1.5) |
| Most commonly the gauge for an IM needle is . . . | 20 - 25 gauge |
| If a medication to be administered is oily for an IM inj, what gauge needle will be used? | 18 - 25 gauge |
| Medications that are known to be irritating, viscus, or oily, should always be administered where IM? | ventrogluteal area |
| When giving an IM inj to an infant, where will you always adminitser it? | vastus lateralis |
| Biologicals given to infants and toddles IM, will always be administered where? | vastus lateralis |
| biologicals given to adults IM, will always be administered where? | deltoid |
| Hepatitis B and Rabies vaccines are always given where? | deltoid |
| Depot formulations are always given where IM? | ventrogluteal area |
| The recommended sites for administration of an IM inj for adults are where? | ventrogluteal and deltoid areas |
| What type of injection delivers medication through the skin and subcutanous tissues into certain muscles? | Intramuscular Injections (IM) |
| Possible complications of IM injections include. . . | abscesses; cellulitis; injury to blood vessels, bones and nerves; lingering pain; tissue necrosis; and periostitis (inflammation of the membrane covering bone) |
| The ventrogluteal site for an IM injection involves what two muscles? | gluteus medius and gluteus minimus |
| What landmarks are used when finding the ventrogluteal area for an IM inj? | greater trochanter (palm), anterosuperior iliac spine (index finger), iliac crest (middle finger) |
| The vastus lateralis site for an IM injection involves what muscle? | quadriceps femoris |
| What landmards are used when finding the vastus lateralis area for an IM inj? | Greater trocanter, and the lateral femoral condyle, inj. is given in the outer middle third |
| What landmarks are used when finding the deltoid area for an IM inj? | acromion process, 4 fingers 3rd down is inj site |
| What is a risk for administering an IM inj. at the deltoid area? | damage to the radial nerve and artery |
| What three things should be considered for choosing an IM inj. site? | 1. age of the pt. 2. medication type 3. medication volume |
| What is the max amout of mL to be administered IM in the deltoid? | 1 mL and only for adults |
| What is the general accepted range in mL for an IM inj.? | 1-4mL |
| When using the Z-track method, how far should one pull the skin to one side? | 1" (2.5cm) |
| It is best to always give this medication via the Z-track method. . . | iron |
| At what rate should one inject medication? | 10 seconds per 1 mL |
| When administering an Intradermal inj. how far should the needle go into the skin? | 1/8" |
| When aspirating, how long should you slowly pull back on the plunger? | about 5 seconds |
| After inserting medication IM, how long should you wait before removing the needle? | about 10 seconds |
| What insulin is rapid acting? | Humalog |
| What insulin is fast acting? | regular or Humulin R |
| What insulins are intermediate acting? | NPH or Lente |
| What insulins are long acting? | Lantus and Ultralente |
| When obtaining a capillary blood sample for glucose testing, what site should be used for an infant? | outer aspect of the heel |
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