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Vertigo / Dizziness
Differences between the two
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dizziness and vertigo differ in several ways. Describe dizziness. | faintness, a feeling of impending syncope light-headedness, feeling of imbalance/unsteadiness. A vague spaced out or swimmy-headed feeling. |
| Vertigo can be described as the following. | False sense of movement of self or environment. Usually rotary-a spinning or wheeling sensation, sometimes pulled to 1 side |
| Symptoms that can accompany dizziness/vertigo include the following: | Nausea/vomiting or difficulty with balance may be disturbing/incapacitating can be a problem with dangerous tasks dizziness accounts for 5-6% of o.p. visits may be temporary or chronic |
| What is the definition of chronic dizziness? | dizziness lasting more than 1 month and more common in elderly |
| True or False: Dizziness may occur at any age but is more common in the 30-40 y/o group? | False. More common in elderly |
| What percentage of dizziness is caused by a serious disorder? | 5% |
| What are the most common causes of dizziness WITH vertigo? | Benign positional vertigo Meniere's Disease Vestibular neuronitis labyinthitis |
| What are the most common causes of dizziness WITHOUT vertigo? | Less clear cut but usually not otologic drug effects multifactoral or idiopathic |
| Neurologic disorders with more global effect manifest as dizziness but rarely as vertigo. The elderly often multifactorial secondary to drug effects, decreased vision & auditory, and proprioception. | 1. hypotension 7. depression 2. hypoxemia 8. anemia 3. hypoglycemia 4. hormonal changes 5.CNS Active drugs 6. psychogeic-panic disorder |
| The 2 most common specific causes are inner ear disorders. What are they called? | 1. Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo 2. Meniere's Disease |
| When taking the HPI, the information needed includes: | sensations felt, use open ended questions to have patient describe what THEY think dizziness is. Brief specific questioning that address whether the feeling is light-headedness, loss of balance or feeling, etc... |
| What are some of the red flags regarding dizziness/vertigo? | head or neck pain ataxia loss of consciousness focal neurologic deficit severe, continuous symptoms for >1hr. |
| When would MRI testing be appropriate? | 1. chronic symptoms to look for evidence of stroke, MS, or other CNS lesions 2. for acute symptoms who have headaches, neurologic abnormalities, or any other findings suggestive of a CNS etiology |
| What is the treatment for dizziness/vertigo? | Treatment is directed at the cause, including stopping, reducing, or switching any causative drugs. |
| Name some geriatric special considerations in regards to dizziness/vertigo. | 1. aging decreases balance function 2. older people more likely to have disorders that contribute to dizziness 3. more likely to be polypharmacy related 4. increased fall risk |
| When would immediate neuroimaging be considered? | When symptoms are accompanied by headache, focal neurologic abnormalities, or both |
Created by:
MissyGirl3971
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