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The First Americans
Native American Cultures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of "culture"? | The entire way of life of a people. |
| What is the definition of "civilization"? | An advanced culture. |
| When was the Ice Age? | 100,000 to 10,000 years ago |
| Who were the Paleo-Indians? | They were hunter-gatherers from Asia |
| What is "archaeology"" | It is the study of the evidence left behind by early groups of people |
| What did the Bering Land Bridge connect? | Russia to Alaska |
| What is another name for the Bering Land Bridge? | Beringia |
| What are artifacts? | objects made by humans- i.e. weapons, tools, jewelery, pottery, art, etc. |
| What was the earliest know civilization in the Americas? | The Olmec- 1400 B.C to 400 B.C. |
| Where was the Olmec empire? | Southern Mexico |
| What were a few of the Olmec accomplishements? | Accurate calendar, advance mathematics including the number zero, great cities, art, hieroglyphics |
| Where was the Maya empire? | Southern Mexico and Central America until around 850 A.D. |
| What were important Maya accomplishements? | Accurate calendar, advance mathematics including the concept of zero, astronomy, cities, hieroglyphics |
| Where was the Aztec empire? | Central Mexico until 1519 (conquered by Spanish) |
| What were the Aztec accomplishments? | great cities (Tenochtitlan- pop. 100,000+), astronomy, mathematics including value for pi, drawbridges, floating gardens (seven crops/year) |
| Where was the Inca empire? | Western South America in the Andes Mountains until 1535 (conquered by Spanish) |
| What were the Incan accomplishments? | 19,000 miles of roads, terraced mountains for farming, earthquake-proof buildings, cure for malaria, brain surgery, anesthesia,bone marrow transplants |
| What is a "culture area"? | a region with a way of life that is shaped by geography and climate. |
| How did the Anasazi adapt to living in the southwest? | Irrigation to farm corn, beans, and squash, adobe building material, built cliff dwellings, kivas, pueblos |
| What is a "pueblo"? | A village of aboveground houses made of adobe |
| What is "adobe"? | sun-dried clay bricks |
| Where did the Mound Builders live? | Eastern United States and Canada |
| Why did the Mound Builders build the great mounds? | religious ceremonies and burials |
| What was the culture of Mound Builders? | great traders, highly organized, war-like, worshipped nature |
| How did the Inuit adapt to the Arctic climate? | built igloos, used kayaks to fish and whale, and hunted. |
| What is an "igloo"? | Inuit dwelling made of ice and snow |
| What is a "kayak"? | Inuit boat made seal-skins |
| What is a "potlatch"? | A ceremonial feast where families showed off and gave away wealth |
| In which culture area would you find potlatches being held and totems? | Northwest Coast |
| What is a "totem"? | ancester or animal spirits on a tall wooden pole |
| What building material did the Pueblo tribe use to build their homes in the Southwest culture area? | adobe |
| Why did the Pueblo tribe believe that they had to please their gods? | Their gods, if pleased, would provide rain for their crops |
| What is a "teepee"? | a cone-shaped tent that the Plains Indians made from buffalo hides |
| What were important food sources for the Great Plains culture area? | Buffalo, corn, beans, and squash |
| Which culture area did the Iroquois live in? | Northeast |
| What were the six tribes of the Iroquois League? | Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Mohawk, and Tuscorora |
| What was the purpose of the Iroquois League? | kept peace within the alliance and waged war with non-Iroquois and made peace with non-Iroquois |
| What was the role of women in the Iroquois society? | They held the political power, electing the heads of the clan, the sachems, were in charge of the long houses, planting, and raising the kids. |
| Which culture area would have the greatest difficulty obtaining food? | The Arctic |
| Which culture area would have the greatest danger of a drought? | The Southwest |
Created by:
rdewald
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