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AP HUMAN- Chapter 10
Ap human geography chapter 10 agriculture vocabulary flashcards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Primary Economic Activities | Any economic activity pertaining to the collecting, harvesting, and obtaining of raw materials. Has to do with the direct extraction of raw materials. |
| Agriculture | Is deliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals to obtain sustenance or economic gain. |
| Origins of Agriculture | Started from the transition from hunter- gatherer to domestication and planting. |
| Hunting and Gathering | The killing of wild animals and fish as well as the gathering of fruits, roots, nuts, and other plans for sustenance. |
| Fertile Crescent | Place in the crescent shaped zone near the southeastern Mediterranean coast (including Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Turkey), which was once a lush environment and one of the first hearths of domestication and thus agricultural activity. |
| Extensive vs. Intensive Agriculture | More work is required for intensive, needing workers (more slaves). |
| Capital- Intensive vs. Labor- Intensive Agriculture | extensive agriculture produces a lower yields, therefore is used with large quantities of land in order to be profitable. |
| Intensive Subsistence Agriculture | the use of large amounts of labor and capital per unit land area. High amounts of labor are needed to apply agriculture inputs and high amounts of capital are needed for maintenance of high-efficiency machinery for planting, cultivating, and harvesting. |
| Extensive Subsistence Agriculture | Using small amounts of labor and capital per unit land area. The crop yield depends primarily on the natural fertility of the soil, terrain, climate, and the availability of water. |
| Transhumance | The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures. |
| The Boserup Hypothesis | shows how increased needs of population increased inputs of labor and technology to compensate for reductions in the natural yields of farming. |
| Industrial revolution's Effect on Agriculture | It led to the agricultural revolution. made more advanced technology for farmers and made it able to be produced faster and more efficiently. |
| The Green revolution | It was the rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially high-yield seeds and fertilizers; also known as the Third Agricultural Revolution |
| Negative Impacts of The Green Revolution | Degradation of land, more weeds, more pest infestation, loss of bio diversity, chemicals in water, water table has gone down, loss of old seeds, etc. |
| Maladaptive Diffusion | diffusion of a process with negative side effects or what works well in one region may not in another |
| Commercial Agriculture | Is the production of food primarily for sale off the farm. |
| Commercial Livestock Production | A form of commercial agriculture which is used to generate products from livestock section of the farm. |
| Commercial Grain Farming | Where you farm grain for the sole purpose of selling it in mass quantities globally. |
| Tropical Plantations | A plantation made only growing few types of crops in mass quantities. |
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