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Geography Skills
This is basic geography information and terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Measured/distance north and south of the equator | Latitude |
| Measured/distance east and west of the Prime Meridian | Longitude |
| What seasons begin the two equinoxes | spring and autumn |
| What are Earth's three main layers | core, mantle, and crust |
| how far is earth tilted on its axis | 23 1/2 degrees |
| one orbit (revolution) for earth | 1 year or 365 1/4 days |
| one complete rotation on earth's axis | 24 hours or 1 day |
| plate tectonics | a theory stating that the earth's surface is broken into plates that move by floating on top of liquid rock just below earth's surface |
| cracks in the Earth's crust. earth quakes can happen near these | faults |
| The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface. | Weathering |
| the wearing away of soil and rock particles by waves, wind, running water, or glaciers | Erosion |
| tells what the map is about | map title |
| a picture that represents a real building, or place (such as a park) | symbol |
| what the picture symbols on a map stand for | map key |
| used to measure distance from place to place on a map | distance scale |
| shows the cardinal directions | compass rose |
| North, South, East, West | cardinal directions |
| Northeast, Northwest, Southeast, Southwest | intermediate directions |
| Zero degrees Longitude | Prime Meridian |
| Zero degrees Latitude | Equator |
| another name for lines of latitude | parallels |
| another name for lines of longitude | meridians |
| one half of the earth | hemisphere |
| numbers in the geographic grid system that give latitude and longitude of a place | geographic coordinates |
| Number of individuals of a particular species found in a specified area. | population density |
| Refers to all the individuals of a given species in a specific area or region at a certain time | population |
| Physical, chemical, or biological change in the characteristics of some component of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, or biosphere that adversely influences the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms. | pollution |
| Latitude of 66.5° South. The northern limit of the area of the Earth that experiences 24 hours of darkness or 24 hours of day at least one day during the year. | Antarctic Circle |
| Latitude of 66.5° North. The southern limit of the area of the Earth that experiences 24 hours of darkness or 24 hours of day at least one day during the year. | Arctic Circle |
| Removal of trees from a habitat dominated by forest. | Deforestation |
| Conversion of marginal rangeland or cropland to a more desert like land type. Desertification can be caused by overgrazing, soil erosion, prolonged drought, or climate change. | Desertification |
| Is a sudden motion or trembling in the Earth. The motion is caused by the quick release of slowly accumulated energy in the form of seismic waves. Most earthquakes are produced along faults, tectonic plate boundaries, or along the mid-oceanic ridges. | Earthquake |
| A line drawn almost parallel to the 180 degree longitude meridian that marks the location where each day officially begins. The location of the International Date Line was decided upon by international agreement. | International Date Line |
| Resource that is finite in quantity and is being used faster than its ability to regenerate itself. | Non-Renewable Resource |
| is a latitude and longitude (a global location) or a street address (local location). | Absolute Location |
| described by landmarks, time, direction or distance from one place to another and may associate a particular place with another. | Relative Locations |
| Latitude of 23.5° North. Northern limit of the Sun's declination. | Tropic of Cancer |
| illustrate the physical features of an area, such as the mountains, rivers and lakes. The water is usually shown in blue. Colors are used to show relief—differences in land elevations. | Physical map |
| do not show physical features. Instead, they indicate state and national boundaries and capital and major cities. A capital city is usually marked with a star within a circle. | Political map |
| Latitude of 23.5° South. Southern limit of the Sun's declination. | Tropic of Capricorn |
| people who buy and use products | consumer |
| owners and workers | producers |
| Wind, water, ice moving weathered material | erosion |
| What is the strongest unifying force in a culture? | language |
| People prefer to live in places that have good land, favorable climate, and what? | Water |
| What are fossil fuels? | Coal, oil, natural gas |
| Landform created by the deposit of sediment at the mouth of a river | delta |
| Horizontal ridges built into the slopes of steep hillsides to prevent soil loss and aid farming | terraces |
| Inderground, water-bearing layers of rock, sand, gravel | aquifer |
| A slow increase in Earth's average temperature | global warming |
| Dry area on the side of a mountain opposite the wind | rain shadow |
| Materials needed and valued by people, such as soils and forests, that can be replaced by Earth's natural processes | renewable resources |
| Resources, such as coal and oil, that cannot be replaced by Earth's natural processes | nonrenewable resources |
| Nonrenewable resources formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals | fossil fuels |
| A learned system of shared beliefs and ways of doing things that guide a person's daily behavior | culture |
| Cultural groups of people who share learned beliefs and practices | ethnic group |
| A highly complex culture with growing cities and economic activity | civilization |
| Value of all goods and services that a country produces in one year within or outside the country | gross national product (GNP) |
| Value of all goods and services produced within a country | gross domestic product (GDP) |
| Percent of people who can read and write | literacy rate |
| An economic system in which people, not government, decide what to make, sell, or buy | free enterprise (market) |
| An economy in which business owners and consumers make decisions about what to make, sell, and buy | market economy |
| An economy in which the government owns most of the industries and makes most of the economic decisions | command economy |
| An exchange of goods and services based on at least two other types of economic systems | mixed economy |
| Products a country sells to other countries | exports |
| Products a country buys from other countries | Products a country buys from other countries |
| Number of births per 1,000 people in a year | birth rate |
| Number of deaths per 1,000 people in a year | death rate |
| A great shortage of food | famine |
| when a group of people try to kill/wipe out another group based on religion or race. | genocide |
| A large region with little or no vegetation as a result of not receiving enough precipitation. | desert |
Created by:
scraig
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