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Advocacy Planning
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Saul Alinsky | 1945-1972. Authored several books, state that comm org should be the centerpiece of planning. By forging partnerships and creating grassroots political orgs, community orgs and neighborhood groups could better address comm problem. |
| Sherry Arnstein | 1969. Ladder of Participation. 3 levels: "non-participation", "tokenism", and "citizen power" |
| Non-participation | Community residents are ignorant of planning, and completely uninvolved in the planning process. |
| Tokenism | Community residents are more knowledgeable, but remain largely uninvolved. |
| Citizen Power | Community residents are not only well educated but also actively involved and participating in planning and policy-making |
| Paul Davidoff | 1960. One of the earliest proponents of advocacy planning, and authored several works. He contended that planners should work on behalf of special needs and special interest groups rather than on broad objectives |
| Advocacy planning and social justice | Notion that planners should represent and work on behalf of disadvantaged groups, such as minorities and the poor, whose interests and welfare seldom receive adequate consideration during the planning process. |
| the goals of advocacy planning is achieving social justice, which is the belief that all parts of society should receive fair treatment under the law and equal access to benefits regardless of economic or racial status. | |
| Advocacy planning was both a product of the Civil Rights Movement and federal laws requiring citizen participation in all programs related to housing, redevelopment, and social welfare. Gave rise to equity planning and feminist planning | |
| Executive Order 12898 | Environmental justice law. Bill Clinton. 1994. Obligates every federal agency to identify and address ways in which their policies may be contributing to the poor environmental quality of low income families and minorities. |
| Consensus Building | resolve conflicts, garner agreement, involve all parties in planning process, facilitate discussion, mediate disputes. Forming panels is a common method. Final decision-makers are the interest groups, not the planning agency. |
| Consensus Building components | Inclusiveness; Professional help; Shared Interests; Accurate Info; Fair and inclusive leadership; Momentum; Result Validation; Media Involvement |
| Coalition Building | Consist of people and disparate groups that have never before worked together; therefore, a coalition group will exhibit a variety of backgrounds and viewpoints. Must learn to reconcile differences, and cooperate for the sake of their collective interets |
Created by:
jlongabaugh
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