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Names
Chapters 1-3
Who? | What? | Why? |
---|---|---|
Benedict Anderson | coined "Imagined Community" | 1. Culure based upon Location & Commonalities; 2. to be POLITICALLY EXPEDIENT, cultures define themselves by their Traditions; 3. Culture is NESTED |
Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) | made the distinctions between Utterance and Underlying Meaning | 1. Underlying Meanings EXPRESSED in different ways; 2. Parole , Langue; 3. Phonology, Morphology |
Noam Chomsky | Linguist - DEEP structure | Deep Structure makes language UNIVERSAL to humans |
Dell Hymes | Anthropological Linguist - focus on Surface Utterances | 1. surface utterances defined by Sub-cultures; 2. surface structures |
Edward Sapir & Benjamin Wharf (1812) | Sapir-Wharf Hypothesis | 1. Debunked own theory; 2. Culture & Thought patterns influenced Language; 3. can only think about what can be described in Language |
Levi Strauss | Anthropological Linguist | 1. Culture is a way to impose ORDER on Environment - using binary order (cold/hot) |
Franz Boas (1858-1942) | FOUNDER of American Anthropology | 1. debunked Biologically Defined Cultures; 2. defined Ethnocentrism |