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Adult Health Nursing

PHARM MEL

QuestionAnswerAnswerAnswerAnswer
Antiemetic KYTRIL/granisetron SE- headache,diarrhea, mild changes in blood pressure ache, constipation NI-Administer dose over five-minute period, beginning 30 minutes before chemotherapy
Antiemetic REGLAN/metoclopramide SE- drowsiness, extrapyramidal reaction, restlessness, dysrhythmias, anxiety NI-administer IV dose 30 minutes before administration of chemotherapeutic agent also before meals and at bedtime
Antihistamine/antiemetic and sedation purposes BENADRYL/diphenhydramine SE- drowsiness, dry mouth NI-anticholinergic effect; used as an antiemetic
Antiemetic ZOFRAN/ondansetron SE- Headache, diarrhea, constipation abdominal pain, aspirate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase NI-to intervene as dose 30 minutes before chemotherapy; give 8 MG PO before chemo and 3 times a day for 2 days
Antiemetic COMPAZINE/prochlorperazine SE- extrapyramidal symptoms, orthostatic hypotension, ocular changes, dry mouth, constipation, urine retention, photosensitivity NI-use cautiously w/ other CNS depressants, medications that decrease blood pressure, as well as patients with liver disease decrease dose in older adults, do not exceed recommended dose, protect from light
NOVADEX=TAMOXIFEN BLOCKS ESTROGEN RECEPTORS ON TUMOR CELLS NEED ER+ TUMOR TO BE EFFECTIVE Limited mostly to reproductive cancers; breast, prostate, uterine SE- Vaginal bleeding, hot flashes, rash, hypercalcemia, peripheral edema
NEUPOGEN BRM Mechanisms that increase, restore, or modify host defenses against the tumor
ERYTHROPOETIN BRM Mechanisms that increase, restore, or host defenses against the tumor From kidneys stimulates RBCs
INTERLEUKEN TOXIC TO TUMORS
IL-2 TOXIC TO TUMORS Blasts tumors
BCG=BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN VACCINE TOXIC TO TUMORS
INTERFERON= ALPHA, BETA, & GAMMA MODIFY TUMOR BIOLOGY
Opioid analgesic ROXANOL/ morphine SE's-decreased respiratory rate, euphoria, seizures, physical dependence, hypotension, bradycardia, miosis, drowsiness, dizziness, urinary retention, constipation, rash GIVE BUCCAL RTE LIQUID MORPHINE
FENTANYL/DURAGESIC PATCH ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN
Benzodiazepine Versed/ midazolam; Valium/diazepam; Ativan/lorazepam Actions - decreases anxiety and produces sedation, induces amnesia NI-monitor for respiratory depression, hypotension, drowsiness, lack of coordination, dry mouth Safety - rails up/bed low
Opioid analgesics morphine/morphine;sublimaze/fentanyl citrate; Dilaudid/Marporidine Actions - decreases anxiety, allows decreased anesthesics NI-Narcan on hand in case, monitor for respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting orthostatic hypertension, pruritus
H2 receptors -antagonists Pepcid/famotidine; Zantac/ranitidine; tagamet/cimetidine Actions - reduces gastric acid volume and concentration NI-monitor for confusion and dizziness in older adults
Antiemetics Reglan drug/metoclopramide; INAPSINE/DROPERIDOL; Zofran/ondansetron (5 HT 3) Actions - Enhances gastric emptying, prevents postoperative N&V, tranquilizer NI-monitor for sedation extrapyramidal reaction (Involuntary movement, muscle tone change, abnormal posture) Instruct patient to report difficulty breathing
Anticholinergic atropine sulfate; Robinul/Glycopyrrolate A.k.a. parasympathetic, speeds things up Actions - reduces oral and respiratory secretions to decrease risk of aspiration decreases vomiting and laryngospasms NI-monitor for confusion, restlessness, and tachycardia prepare patient to expect dry mouth
Antibiotics Ancef/Cefazolin; Claforan/Cefotaxime Sodium; Rocephin/ceftriaxone Actions - minimizes risk of wound infection bactericidal as preoperative prophylaxis NI- monitor S & S of superinfection, including abdominal pain, moderate to severe diarrhea, severe anal or genital pruritus, and severe mouth soreness
Adrenocortical steroid: Depo-Medrol;Solu-Medrol Actions - decreases inflammation NI-determine whether patient has diabetes mellitus to anticipate further increase in antidiabetic drug regimen because of raised blood glucose level Determine whether patient as hypersensitivity to drug
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) Toradol/Ketorolac, Motrin, naproxen Actions - reduces intensity of pain and inflammation NI-assess the duration, location, onset, and type of pain the patient is having, evaluate patient for therapeutic response
Anticoagulants Lovenox/Enoxaprin Actions - prevents platelets from forming Actions - prevents new clot formation or secondary embolic complications, produces anticoagulation NI-bleeding precautions, tell the patient not to take aspirin or similar over-the-counter drugs, do not give IM, but subQ
Heparin sodium NI-crosscheck heparin dose with another nurse before administering NI-assess patient gums for erythema & gingival bleeding scan for bruises or petechiae NI-use constant rate IV infusion pump NI-monitor the patient's partial thromboplastin time diligently
Warfarin sodium/Coumadin NI-observe patient for evidence of hemorrhage such as abdominal and back pain decreased blood pressure, increased pulse rate, and severe headache NI-do not drink alcohol or make any drastic dietary changes, if they have or spools bleeding; Brown, dark, or red urine ; notify physician
Thrombolytics Destroys clot, clot buster, dissolves clot, four-hour window after stroke
RBC 4.5-5,000,000
WBC 4-11,000
Platelet 150,000-450,000
HGB(hemoglobin) W -12-16
HC(HEMATOCRIT % OF BLOOD) 35% -46%
BUN(blood uria nitrogen) 10-20 Electrolytes
K +(potassium) 3.5-5.0 mEq/L Electrolytes
CR(creatine) .5-1.5 Electrolytes
NA(sodium) 135-145 mEq/L Electrolytes
Antidiarrheal Lomotil/Dipenoxylate w/Atropine SE - sedation, dizziness, dry mouth, urinary retention, rash NI- watch for physical dependence, it should work within 48 hours, give naloxone as antidote for respiratory depression
Opioid Analgesic; Dilaudid/Hydromorphone -decreased respiratory, euphoria, seizures, physical dependence, hypotension, bradycardia, drowsiness, dizziness, urinary retention, constipation, rash, miosis NI-usually cautious with other CNS depressants, monitor respirations, heart rate, and mental status closely NI-Have naloxone available as antidote, do not give sustained release tablets for acute pain Delighted - HP(10 MG/ML) available for chronic pain
NSAIDs naproxen/Anaprox, naprosyn SE - agranulocytosis, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, peripheral edema, visual disturbances SE - G.I. upset;(Occult blood loss and peptic ulcer) prolonged bleeding time, tinnitus NI- concurrent use of alcohol, acetylsalicylic acid, and steroids increases chance of G.I. bleed, give with food
Created by: diamondgirljaz
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