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CH3
Processing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does CLIA stand for? | Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act |
| What is CLIA'S role in the laboratory? | CLIA establishes guidelines for certain tests that may be performed in both a patient's home and medical facilities, cald CLIA-waived tests. |
| What is a CLIA waived test? | The require a minimum of judgement and interpretation and present less risk to patients because they involve small amounts of blood or other specimen, such a urine. |
| Examples of CLIA-waived tests | Blood glucose by blood monitoring devices, fecal occult blood, spun micro hematocrit, urine chemical screening and visual color comparison urine tests for pregnancy |
| Commonly Monitored Therapeutic Drugs (TDM's) | -Dilantin -Theophylline -Valproic Acid -Tobramycin -Digoxin -Vancomycin |
| Basal State | the body's state after 8 to 12 hours of fasting and not exercising. |
| Most affected tests if not fasting | Glucose and triglycerdes |
| Diurnal Variations | the normal daily fluctuations in body chemistry related to hormonal cycles, sleep wake cycles and other regular patterns of change. |
| Factors that affect Blood Composition | Age, Altitude, Body Position, Dehydration, Diet, Diurnal Variation, Drugs, Environment, Exercise, Gender, Pregnancy, Smoking, Stress |
| Blood Constituents that show marked Diurnal Variation | Glucose, Hormones (ex. Cortisol, Estradiol, Progesterone, Testosterone) and White Blood Cells <WBC's> |
| TDM = Therapeutic Drug Monitoring | measures rate of metabolizing a medication and it's toxic levels. |
| Half LIfe | is the rate of metabolism or the time for HALF the drug to be metabolized. |
| Trough | is the lowest serum level. occurs immediately before the next dose of medicine. |
| Peak | is the highest serum level. occurs sometime AFTER the dose is given. |
| Fecal / Stool is ordered to detect | Parasites Microorganisms that cause enteric disease Occult Blod/Colorectal Cancer |
| Urine volume should be | 12-50 mL |
| Random Urine | at any time |
| Clean-Catch Midstream | cleanse area with soap and water and or wipes discard first stream, collect midstream Culture and Sensitivity (C&S) should use a STERILE CUP |
| Timed Urine | Over a period of time such as 24 hours |
| First Morning Urine | Is more concentrated. Examples of tests: pregnancy test, culture and microscopic examination. |
| Catheterization | withdraws urine with tube through urethra to the bladder. |
| Suprapubic | uses a sterile syringe into the bladder |
| Semen | Transport < 2 hours to lab, Maintain at body temperature, spermicide free container |
| Urine | Process within 1 hour of collection (at room temperature) |
| Preserved specimens | May be kept up to 72 hours |
| Chain of Custody | process that maintains control of and accountability from each specimen from the time of collection until time of disposal. |
| Required on the Chain of Custody forms | name of patient, name of person receiving the sample, date, location, signature of person receiving which acknowledging specimen is correct and matches documentation, signature and date of every person has had possession of sample (even transporter) |
| Do you need patien consent for Blood Alcohol levels? | -MUST have written consent -if patient doesn't consent, and phlebotomist attempts to get sample, may be accused of battery and assault. |
| Antiseptic for Blood Alcohol | -antiseptic is non alcohol such as chlorhexidine (not iodine either) |
| Point-of-Care-Testing | tests performed near patient (bedside, physician's office) |
| Critical values | potentially life threatening values (highs or lows) |
| When informing critical values by phone collect the following: | full name of receiving person, date, time |
| sputum samples require | special handling because of a poisonous preservative |
| Continuity of Care Document (CCD) | document with accepted format for electronically sharing patient information securely and easy to read format to share among provider locations. |
| Meaningful Use | a federal incentive program sponsored my Medicaid Services. Encourages technology for communication of health records. |
Created by:
glamorousglenys
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