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Adult Adult Nursing
CH 8 HEART vocab MEL
Aneurysms | Localized dilation in the wall of the blood vessel cause by atherosclerosis or hypertension, and less commonly by congenital weakness |
Angina pectoris | Paroxysmal thoracic pain and choking caused by decreased oxygen(anoxia) of the myocardium |
Arteriosclerosis | Arterial disorder characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification of arterial walls resulting in decreased blood supply |
Bradycardia | Slow rhythm characterized by a heartbeat <60 BPM |
Cardioversion | Restoration of the heart's normal sinus rhythm by delivery of a synchronized electric shock through to metal panels placed on the patient's chest |
Coronary artery disease(CAD) | Variety of conditions that obstruct blood flow in the coronary arteries |
Defibrillation | The termination of ventricular fibrillation by delivering a direct electrical counter shock to the pericardium |
Dysrhythmia | Any cardiac rhythm that deviates from normal sinus rhythm; also called arrhythmia |
Embolus | A foreign object, quantity of air or gas, tumor or piece of the thrombus that circulates in the blood stream until it becomes lodged in the blood vessel |
Endararterectomy | Surgical removal of the intimal lining of the artery |
Heart failure | Syndrome characterized by circulatory congestion due to the heart's inability to act as an effective pump |
Hypoxemia | Abnormal deficiency of O2 in the arterial blood |
Intermittent claudication | Weakness in the legs caused by cramps like pain in the calves; caused by poor arterial circulation of the blood in the leg muscles |
Ischemia | Decreased blood supply to a body organ or part; often marked by pain or organ dysfunction |
Myocardial infarction | occlusion of major coronary artery or one of its branches; caused by atherosclerosis or an embolus resulting in necrosis of a portion of cardiac muscle |
Occlusion | obstruction or closing off of the canal, vessel, or passage of the body |
Orthopnea | abnormal condition in which person must sit or stand in order to breathe deeply or comfortably |
Peripheral | Pertaining to the outside, surface, or surrounding area |
Pleural effusion | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity between the visceral and parietal pleurae |
Polycythemia | Abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood |
Pulmonary edema | Accumulation of extra vascular fluid in the lung tissue and alveoli; caused most commonly by left-sided heart failure |
Tachycardia | Abnormal condition in which the myocardium beats regularly, but at the rate >100 BPM |
Mediastinum | The mass of organs and tissues separating the lungs; contains trachea and esophagus |
Apex | Narrow part; slightly to the left between 5th and 6th ribs near diaphragm |
Base | lies superior And beneath the 2nd rib |
Pericardium | Outermost layer of the heart |
Myocardium | Forms the bulk of the heart wall and is the thickest and strongest layer of the heart |
Endocardium | innermost layer, thin layer of connective tissue |
Septum | heart division of left and right by a muscular partition |
Right Atrium | upper right chamber |
Right Ventricle | Lower right chamber |
Left Atrium | upper left chamber |
Left Ventricle | Lower left chamber |
Right Atrium | receives deoxygenated blood from the entire body |
Right Ventricle | Receives deoxygenated blood from right atrium |
Right Ventricle | pumps blood to the lungs VIA pulmonary artery to release carbon dioxide and receive oxygen |
Left Atrium | receives oxygenated blood from the lungs VIA the pulmonary veins |
Left Ventricle | oxygenated blood from the left atrium |
Left Ventricle | thickest, most muscular section of the heart and pumps the oxygenated blood through out the aorta to all parts of the body |
heart function | right side receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs |
Heart function | left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it throughout the body |