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TEAS Reading
Term | Definition |
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Primary Source | Firsthand records of events, theories, opinions, or actions. These records may come in the form of either published or unpublished documents, recordings, or artifacts, and they must be contemporary to the events, people, or info that is at issue. |
Facts | Information based on real provable events, or situations. |
Opinions | Beliefs based on personal judgements, rather than on indisputable facts. |
Biases | Opinions or beliefs that affect a person's ability to make fair, unclouded judgements or decisions. |
Stereotypes | Oversimplified opinions, that do not account for individual differences, about an entire group of people or things. |
Critical reading | A reading style in which the reader carefully analyzes the text, judging its credibility and the author's intentions, rather than simply accepting the material as fact, is generally preferable to passive reading. Decide how much trust to place in material |
Purpose | Main reason for writing a particular piece. (Narrative, expository, technical and persuasive) |
Narrative | Text tells a story, or relates to a chain of events. |
Expository | Passage introduces or explains a subject, gives groundwork information that is necessary for understanding later ideas, or analyzes information objectively. |
Technical | Writing passes along precise information p, usually about a specific topic, and usually in a formal or semi-formal style. |
Persuasive | Writing that tries to get the reader to agree with the author |
Topic | "General" subject matter covered by the work. |
Main idea | "Specific" message. It is the reason the text was written. |
Supporting details | Flesh out, and explain, the main idea. |
Themes | Subjects that a written work frequently touches upon. Themes are simply ideas or concepts that the book comes back to again and again. |
Topic sentences | Express the main point of a paragraph, or of a larger text structure (such as an essay or a book chapter). Usually, a paragraph starts with a topic sentence. Then it goes on to back up that sentence with supporting ideas, or to explore the topic in detail |
Summary sentences | Generally appear at (or near) the end if the paragraph, chapter, section, or document. Sometimes they sum up the point of the earlier text, driving the message home so that the reader does not forget it or miss it. Draws a conclusion. |
Logical conclusions | An idea that follows from the facts or ideas presented in the text.It is one of the most important reading skills.itdoes not need to be factual or true; it was be completely illogical when viewed in its own.conclusion must be consistent w/ the ideas n txt |
Inferences | "Read between the lines" (an inference is a next step or logical conclusion that is not actually written in the text; rather, it is deduced by the reader, based in information that is in the text) and conclusions, and making predictions. |
test structure | The way a given txt is organized. Any piece of writing can include a problem and solution to the problem,but if those thoughts are not given any structure,it may be difficult to understand.Structure makes txt easier to undrstnd & help emphasize auth point |
Sequence | Pre-established layout, placing related information in close proximity (in order), such as presenting ideas as a bulleted or numbered list. Formatting that serves a consistent purpose in a doc; add meaning to text that they modify, add clarity |
Problem-Solution | Presents a problem or question, and then responds with a solution or answer |
Comparison-Contrast | Presents two different cases, usually with the intent of making the reader consider the differences (or similarities) between the two cases. |
Cause-Effect | First presents an action, and then describes the effects that result (or may result) from that action |
Description | Passage of text that describes or characterizes a person, thing, or idea |
Context | Text surrounding a word, phrase, or passage. |
table of contents | Listing of publication's chapters, sections, or other organizational units; includes page numbers (Web documents may have links to the various sections) |
index | Listing of important names, ideas, and topics from the publication, along with page numbers (or links to those items); traditionally appears at the end of the publication. |
pie chart | circle graph: divided into sectors representing the frequency of an event; sectors total 100% |
scale | Any standard instrument of measurement that has marking at established intervals. |
scale reading | the information obtained from a scale |
legend | Small portion of a map devoted to explaining the symbols and notations used in the main portion of the map |
compass rose | Symbol that indicates the cardinal directions (north, south, and west) as they relate to the map |
distance scale | Information in the legend that tells the reader how to interpret distances on the map |
headings | Titles that preface a section of text; advertise the subject of the text below, making it easier to skim or search for a particular topic; give the text structure |
subheadings | Headings that appear below other headings; appear in a smaller typeface than headings, so that they may be easily distinguished; single heading may have many subheadings, and these subheadings may have their own subheadings. |
text features | Way of organizing text to better present thoughts or ideas; includes sequence, problem-solution, comparison-contrast, description, and cause-effect |