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PT EVAL 5
PT EVAL 5 Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What does a CBC(Complete blood count)measure? | Complete blood count measurement of all major ingredients of the blood |
RBC(Red Blood Cells)Description | Contain hemoglobin necessary for oxygen transport |
RBC(Red Blood Cells) Normal Value/Range | 4-6 mil/mm3 |
RBC(Red Blood Cells) Significance of Low Values | Anemia= occurs with blood loss,hemorrhage |
RBC(Red Blood Cells) Significance of High Values | Polcythemia= occurs with chronic tissue hypoxemia (i.e. COPD) |
Hb(Hemoglobin)Description | Carries oxygen (1.34 ml per gram Hb) |
Hb(Hemoglobin) Normal Value/Range | 12-16 gm/100 mL blood(g/dl) |
Hb(Hemoglobin) Significance of Low Values | Anemia |
Hb(Hemoglobin)Significance of High Values | Polcythemia |
Hct(Hematocrit) Description | Spin the whole blood and measure the % of RBC in the original blood volume. |
Hct(Hematocrit) Normal Value/Range | 40-50% |
Hct(Hematocrit) Significance of Low Values | Anemia |
Hct(Hematocrit) Significance of High Values | Polcythemia |
WBC(White Blood Cells) Description | are used by the body to fight infections |
WBC(White Blood Cells) Normal Value/Range | 5,000-10,000 per mm3 |
WBC(White Blood Cells) Significance of Low Values | (leukopenia)= Viral Infection |
WBC(White Blood Cells) Significance of High Values | (leukocytosis) = Bacterial Infection |
What are neutrophils? | Major WBC(White Blood Cells) |
Describe the difference between Bands and Segs: BANDS | Immature cells: normally 4% of WBC; Increased with Bacterial Infections |
Describe the difference between Bands and Segs: SEGS | mature cells: normally 60% of WBC; Decreased with Bacterial Infections |
What Pathology would show an increase in eosinophils? | asthma; 2% of WBC; Increased with ALLERGIC Reactions (Produce Yellow Sputum) |
What are electrolytes and what is their function? | Elements required by the body for normal metabolism, Closely associated with fluid levels and kidney fuction |
Describe the signs and symptoms of an electrolyte imbalance? | Muscle weakness, soreness, Nausa Mental changes(Lethargy, Dizziness,Drowiness) |
Dscription of Na+ Sodium | Major:Extracellular Cation Controlled by kidneys |
Normal Value/Range of Na+ Sodium | 135-145 mEq/L range |
Significance of Low Values of Na+ Sodium | Hyponatremia Fluid loss from diuretics,vomiting,diarrhea,fluidgain from CHF,IV therapy |
Significance of High Values of Na+ Sodium | HYPERnatremia Dehydration |
Dscription of K+(Potassium) | Major: Intracellular Cation. Important for acid-base balance. |
Normal Value/Range of K+ (Potassium) | 3.5-4.5 mEq/L range |
Significance of Low Values of K+(Potassium) | Hypokalemia-(Metabolic Alkalosis) excessive excertion, renal loss, vomiting, Flattened T waves |
Significance of High Values of K+(Potassium) | HYPERkalemia-(Metabolic ACIDOSIS)Kidney failure,spiked T wave |
Dscription of Cl- (Chloride) | Major: Extracellular Anion. |
Normal Value/Range of Cl- (Chloride) | Normal: 80-100 mEq/L range |
Significance of Low Values of Cl- (Chloride) | Hypochloremia: (Metabolic alkalosis) |
Significance of High Values of Cl- (Chloride) | HYPERchloremia: (Metabolic ACIDOSIS ) |
Dscription of HCO3- | |
Normal Value/Range of HCO3- | |
Significance of Low Values of HCO3- | |
Significance of High Values of HCO3- | |
What does creatinie evaluate? | |
What would an increase in BUN indicate? | |
What would each of the following types of sputum be associated with? MUCIOD | |
What would each of the following types of sputum be associated with? YELLOW | |
What would each of the following types of sputum be associated with? GREEN | |
What would each of the following types of sputum be associated with? BROWN | |
What would each of the following types of sputum be associated with? BRIGHT RED | |
What would each of the following types of sputum be associated with? PINK FROTHY | |
What bacteria is identified by an acid fast stain? | |
What information is obtained from a gram stain? | |
Dscription of BLEEDING TIME | |
Normal Value of BLEEDING TIME | |
Signifance of test of BLEEDING TIME | |
Dscription of PLATELET COUNT | |
Normal Value of PLATELET COUNT | |
Signifance of test of PLATELET COUNT | |
Dscription of ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME | |
Normal Value of ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME | |
Signifance of test of ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME | |
Dscription of PROTHROMBIN TIME | |
Normal Value of PROTHROMBIN TIME | |
Normal Value of PROTHROMBIN TIME | |
Dscription of URINALYSIS | |
Normal Value of URINALYSIS | |
Normal Value of URINALYSIS | |
Drecribe the clinical use of the following Equipment OSCILLOSCOPE | |
Drecribe the clinical use of the following Equipment ELECTROCARDIOGRAPH | |
Drecribe the clinical use of the following Equipment HOLTER MONITOR | |
Briefly describe the electrophysiology of the heart. | |
Labbel the waves on the following tracing | |
Labbel the P waves on the following tracing | |
Labbel the Q waves on the following tracing | |
Labbel the S waves on the following tracing | |
Labbel the T waves on the following tracing |