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Surgical Pharmacolog

TermDefinition
Absorption the process by which a drug is taken into the body and moves from the site of administration into the blood.
Adverse effect are undesired, potentially harmful side effects of drugs.
agonist are drugs that bind to or have an affinity (attraction) for a receptor and cause a particular response
antagonist Drugs that bind to a receptor and prevent a response
bioavailability indicates the degree to which the drug molecule reaches the site of action to exert its effects.
biotechnology the concepts of genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology.
biotransformation In the liver, the chemical composition of a drug is changed by
bolus fast inffusion of medication
contraindication reasons against giving a particular drug
distribution Drug molecules eventually diffuse out of the blood-stream to the site of action i
duration The time between onset and disappearance of drug effects
emulsion in which the medication is contained in a mixture of water and oil bound together with an emulsifier.
enteral indicates that the medication is taken into the gastrointestinal tract, primarily by mouth (orally).
excretion Medications taken into the body are eliminated in the process called
hypersensitivity is an adverse effect resulting from previous exposure to the drug or a similar drug.
idiosyncratic effect rare and unpredictable adverse reactions to drugs. Most idiosyncratic drug reactions are thought to occur in people with some genetic abnormality, causing either an excessive or an inadequate response to a drug.
indication The reason or purpose for giving a medica- tion
local effect work at the site of application
onset The time between administration of a drug and the first appearance of effects is
parenteral any route other than the digestive tract, the most common of which are subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous
pharmacodynamics examines how the action of the drug affects the body.
pharmacokinetics focuses on how the body processes drugs,
plasma protein binding drug molecules bind to proteins (albumins and globulins) contained in plasma—the liquid portion of blood—
reconstituted to form a solution that can be administered by injection
side effect predictable but unintended effect of a drug. Side effects are rarely serious,but usually unavoidable.
solubility its ability to be dissolved
solution is a mixture of drug particles (called the sol-ute) fully dissolved in a liquid medium (called the solvent such as water or saline).
suspension a form in which solid undissolved particles float (are sus- pended) in a liquid.
synergist A drug that enhances the effect of another drug is
systemic effect throughout the entire body
topical are applied to the skin surface or a mucous membrane–lined cavity
controlled substances something you can become addicted to and that is controlled by the law
narcotics natural opioid drugs
DEA Drug Enforcement Administration: of the Department of Justice was established to enforce the Controlled Substances Act
FDA Federal Drug Administration: inspects the facilities where drugs are made, reviews new drug applications,investigates and removes unsafe drugs from the market,and requires proper labeling of drugs.
The Joint Comission evaluates and accredits approximately 16,000 health care organizations and programs in the United States.
OTC over-the-counter category of medications that did not require a prescription
PDR Physicians’ Desk Reference, or PDR. It provides easy access to information on several thousand medications used in medical and surgical practice.
USP-NF UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA AND NATIONAL FORMULARY
Created by: delaynaarnold
Popular Surgery sets

 

 



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