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Adult Health Nursing

Ch 5 & 6 Pharm MEL

QuestionActionSide effectNI
Ch 5- Olsalazine / Dipentum GI antiinflammatory agent Diarrhea, abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, allergic reactions, arthralgia,rash, anaphylaxis take with food; notify dr if severe diarrhea occurs
ch 5- Antacids(aluminum,calcium and magnesium salts, and sodium bicarbonate) Maalox, Mylanta, Titralac, Alternagel neutralizes gastric acid aluminum and calcium antacids also bind phosphates in renal failure pt's Alumium -constipation calcium- const and hypercalcemia magnesium-diarrhea,hypermagnesemia sodium Bicar- na+ and h2o retention, alkalosis, can change PH of the stomach and too much can cause metabolic alkalsis, monitor serum electrolytes w/ long term use
ch 5- Bismuth Subsalicylate / Pepto-Bismol Antidiarrheal, also used for peptic ulcer disease due to Helicobacter Pylori may cause toxicity if taken w/aspirin, fecal impaction, tinitus, grayish black stools Bismuth
ch 5- Bulk laxative / Metamucil increases volume of stool, softens stools, stimulates intestinal motility Metamucil Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Emollient laxative / Mineral Oil retards absorption of water allowing water to enter stool Emollient Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Stimulant laxative / Cascara & Dulcolax intestinal wall irritant which increases peristalsis Stimulant Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Stool Softener / Colace holds water within stool and produces soft stool Stool Softener Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Hyperosmotic laxative / Lactulose holds water within the intestines and increases peristalsis Hyperosmotic Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Saline laxative / MOM attracts and holds water in intestine which increases peristalsis Saline Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Laxitive med to loosen the bowel content and encourage evac Laxitive Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Cathartic promotes rapid bowel evac Cathartic Cathartic
ch 5- Irritant/Stimulant cathartic / Cascara,Dulcolax,Caster Oil irritate the walls of the intestine increasing peristalsis Irritant/Stimulant Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Saline/Osmotic cathartic / Phospho-Soda,MOM,MAGNESIUM CITRATE attract and hold water in the intestines and produce a watery stool. Bowel prep for a diagnostic testing Saline/Osmotic Admin with full glass of water
ch 5- Isoosmotic cathartic / GoLYTELY bowel prep for colonoscopy/barium enema Isoosmotic Admin with full glass of water
ch 6- Azulfidine / Sulfasalazine GI antiinflammatory agent nausea, vomiting,ab pain,photosensitivity, rash, renal failure, anaphylaxis adequate hydration,avoid sunlight,oral contraceptives need something else, monitor CBC and renal function take with meals
ch 6- Demerol / Meperidine binds w/opiate receptors in CNS, alters perception of & response to pain,ND depression sedation, confusion, rspiratory, depression, hypotension, bradycardia,nausea, vomiting, rinary retention assess type, location , intensity of pain before and 1 hour after admin, if resp rate is <10 breathes/min assess level of sedation,NEVER USE MORPHINE
ch 6- Lactulose / Chronulac, Cephulac acidifies colonic content, decreases absorbtion of ammonia from gut, primary use Hepatic Encephalopathy, cathartic laxitive properties neausea, vomiting, diarrhea titrate does 3-4 loose stools per day, monitor for dehydration, serum levels and improved mental status
ch 6- Neomycin / Mycifradin, Myciguent decreases # of ammonia producing bateria in the gut as part of management of Hepatic Encephalopathy Ototoxicity; local stinging, burnng, nephrotoxicity monitor neurologic status and renal function
Aspirin easy bruising/bleeding, difficulty hearing, ringing in the ears, change in the amount of urine, persistent or severe nausea/vomiting, unexplained tiredness, dizziness, dark urine, yellowing eyes/skin.black tarry stools ulcers of the stomach and duodenum,abdominal pain,nausea,gastritis (inflammation of the stomach), and bleeding from ulcers.toxic to the liver. black tarry stools,weakness, and dizziness upon standing (orthostatic hypotension
ch 5- Famotidine/Pepcid H2 receptor antagonist, inhibits gastric acid secretion drowsiness,headache, dizziness, sweating, thrombocytopenia does not effect serum levels
ch 5- Nystatin / Mycostatin / Nilstat Antifungal agent, available as oral and topical Thrush(fungal infection of the mouth) oral; nausea,vomiting, diarrhea, topical; local irritation use entire course
Created by: diamondgirljaz
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