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PMI Ch 3
PMI Infection Control, Safety, First Aid & Personal Wellness
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Means of transmission (6) | Airborne Contact Droplet Vector Vehicle |
| Airborne transmission | Transmission of disease by dispersal of aerosols/droplet nuclei that remain in air for long periods of time and can be inhaled by susceptible individuals. |
| Contact transmission (direct) | Physical transfer of an infectious agent to a susceptible host by close contact - kissing or touching |
| Contact transmission (indirect) | Can occur when susceptible host touches contaminated objects - bed linens, clothing, dressings, utensils |
| Droplet transmission | Transfer of infectious agent to mucous membranes of mouth, nose, or eyes of a susceptible individual via infectious droplets from coughing, sneezing, talking, or procedures involving suctioning or throat swabs |
| Vector transmission | Transfer of infectious agent by an insect, arthropod, animal |
| Vehicle transmission | Transfer of infectious agent through contaminated food, water, or drugs |
| 6 Types of isolation (SCARED) | Strict Contact AFB Respiratory Enteric Drainage/secretion |
| A series of components or events that lead to an infection | Chain of infection |
| Anything harmful or potentially harmful to health | Biohazard |
| Chemistry of fire representation | Fire tetrahedron |
| Devices that isolate or remove a workplace BBP | Engineering controls |
| Contains general, precautionary, and emergency information for a hazardous product | MSDS (material safety data sheets) |
| Federal agency charged with the investigation and control of certain diseases | CDC (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention) |
| Federal agency that regulates the disposal of hazardous waste | EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) |
| Federal organization that advises the CDC on nosocomial infection prevention guidelines | HICPAC (Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee) |
| Hepatitis B virus | HBV |
| Hepatitis C virus | HCV |
| Inanimate objects that can harbor material containing infectious agents | Fomites |
| Infection associated with healthcare facility | HAI (Healthcare-associated infection) |
| OSHA standard requiring employers to maintain documentation on hazardous chemicals | HazCom (Hazard Communication Standard) |
| Pathogen responsible for causing an infection | Infectious agent |
| Procedures that separate pt with certain transmissible infections from others | Isolation procedures |
| Protected from or resistant to a particular disease or infection | Immune |
| Short for microorganism | Microbe |
| Term applied to infectious microorganisms in blood and other body fluids | BBP (Blood-borne pathogen) |
| Virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) | HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) |
| Any route other than the digestive tract | Parenteral |
| Capable of causing a disease | Pathogenic |
| Federal agency that recommends ways to prevent work-related injury | NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety & Health) |
| Federal agency that mandates and enforces safe working conditions for employees | OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration) |
| Having an abnormally low neutrophil count | Neutropenic |
| Individual who has little resistance to an infectious agent | Susceptible host |
| Microorganisms capable of causing disease | Pathogens |
| Practices that alter how tasks are performed to reduce the likelihood of BBP exposure | Work practice controls |
| Precautions that reduce the risk of airborne, droplet, or contact transmission | Transmission-based precautions |
| Protects a pt who is highly susceptible to infection | Reverse isolation |
| Protective items worn by an individual | PPE (Personal protective equipment) |
| Source of an infectious microorganism | Reservoir |
| Through mucous membranes | Permucosal |
| Through the skin | Percutaneous |
| Collecting a throat culture specimen from a coughing pt without wearing a mask | Droplet |
| Entering a TB pt room without an N95 respirator | Airborne |
| Filling a TB test syringe with antigen without first cleaning the top of the antigen vial | Vehicle |
| Handling a dead rodent | Vector |
| Kissing someone with mononucleosis | Direct contact |
| Rubbing your eye after touching a contaminated blood tube | Indirect contact |
| Standard precautions are to be used: | When caring for all patients |
| Best defense against HBV infection: | HBV vaccination |
| In the NFPA 704 marketing system, the health hazards are indicated in: | Blue quadrant on left |
| In the NFPA 704 marketing system, the flammability hazards are indicated in: | Red quadrant on top |
| In the NFPA 704 marketing system, the reactivity hazards are indicated in: | Yellow quadrant on right |
| Chain of infection (6 links) | Infectious agent - Reservoir - Exit pathway - Means of transmission - Entry pathway - Susceptible host |
| A susceptible host can also become the: | Reservoir |
| Nosocomial and HAI refer to infections: | Contacted by patients |
| The order used to put on PPE: | Gown, mask, gloves |
| The order used to take off PPE: | Gloves, mask, gown |
| Current routine infection control policy developed by CDC and followed in all health-care settings is: | Standard precautions |
| Recommended disinfectant for blood and body fluid contamination is: | Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) |
| Most common fire extinguisher: | Class ABC |
| RACE acronym is & when should it be used | Rescue Alarm Confine Extinguish and when a fire is first discovered |
| PASS acronym is & should be followed when: | Pull pin Aim nozzle Squeeze trigger Sweep nozzle and when operating a fire extinguisher |
| Phlebotomist are most concerned with ____ & _____ law | Civil and criminal |
| Things to NEVER do in a lab: | Eat, drink, smoke, or chew gum. Put pencils/pens in mouth. Put anything in lab fridge. Apply cosmetics rub eyes handle contact lenses. Wear long/dangling jewelry. Wear lab coat to lunch break home. Wear PPE outside of designated area. Bite nails/cuticles. |
| Things to ALWAYS do in lab: | Wear fully buttoned lab coat. Tie back hair that is longer than shoulder length. Keep finger nails short and manicured(no polish). Wear face shield when performing specimen processing that may generate a splash or aerosol of bodily fluids. Wear gloves/PPE |
Created by:
rainie529
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