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68C Ch.1 Ph.1 T.2
Hole's Essential of A&P: Chapter 1: Intro to A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Factors that stimulated early interest in human body | concerned about injuries/illnesses, learned how herbs/potions affect body. Greek and latin words form basis |
| Why is it difficult to separate topics of A&P | structure of body parts are closely associated c functions |
| What is an organism | any living thing |
| Characteristics of life (DECAGRAM RR) | movement responsiveness growth reproduction respiration digestion absorption circulation assimilation excretion |
| How are characteristics of life dependent on metabolism? | rely on metabolism to provide energy, fuel life processes |
| Why is homeostasis important to survival? | maintain stable internal environment that regulates body temperature, BP etc. |
| Two homeostatic mechanisms? | a.negative feedback b.positive feedback homeostatic mechanism-monitors particular aspect of internal environment, corrects changes |
| what does viscera mean? | organs in a body cavity |
| Cavities of the head (4) | Oral cavities(teeth/tongue) nasal cavity(right/left portions of septum) orbital cavities(eyes) middle ear cavities(middle ear bones) |
| Name major organ systems (11) (DULCIMERS RN) | reproductive integumentary urinary skeletal muscular respiratory nervous digestive lymphatic endocrine cardiovascular |
| What is anatomical position | body standing erect,face forward,c upper limbs at sides and palms forward |
| Describe three types of body sections | 1.sagittal-right/left equal parts 2.transverse-superior/inferior portions 3.frontal/coronal-anterior/posterior |
| nine regions of abdomen | hypochondriac(R/L) Iliac(R/L) lumbar(R/L) gastric(epi/hypo) Umbilical region |
| Organizational levels of the human body | Atom Molecule Macromolecule Organelle,Cell Tissue Organ Organ system Organism |
| Requirements of Organisms (5) (WHOP F) | Water(metabolic processes,transport,regulate body temp)Foods(energy,regulate vital chemical reactions)Oxygen(release energy)Heat(more heat=faster chem. reaction) Pressure(heart action) |
| Self-regulating control systems (3) | Receptors-info specific conditions in internal environment Set point-what particular value should be Effectors-cause responses alter conditions |
| Most feeback mechanisms in the body: | positive produce, unstable conditions, deviate from set point, require only receptor and effector |
| Axial skeleton make up | Head,neck,trunk |
| Appendicular skeleton make up | Extremities |
| Integumentary System (organs/function) | Skin hair nails sense receptors sweat glands sebaceous glands/protects underlying tissues regulate body temp senses synthesizes production of vit D |
| Skeletal System (organs/function) | Bone,joints>ligaments,cartilage/supports, protects,framework,protective shields,stores inorganic salts |
| Muscular System (organs/function) | muscles/provide body movement posture body heat |
| Nervous System (organs/function) | brain spinal cord nerves,sense organs/integrates incoming info. from receptors, sends impulses to muscles and glands called neurotransmitters |
| Endocrine System (organs/function) | all glands that secrete hormones ie hypothalamus pituitary pineal thyroid,thymus adrenals pancreas ovaries/integrate metabolic functions, chemical messengers-hormones |
| Cardiovascular System (organs/function) | heart arteries veins capillaries blood/ distibutes oxygen and nutrients throughout body while removing wastes |
| Lymphatic System (organs/function) | lymphatic vessels lymph nodes thymus gland spleen lymph fluid/transport fluid back to bloodstream, removes disease-causing MO's |
| Digestive System (organs/function) | mouth esophagus stomach,intestines accessory organs/receives breaks down absorbs nutients |
| Respiratory System (organs/function) | nasal cavity pharynx larynx trachea bronchi lungs/ exchange gases between blood and air |
| Urinary System (organs/function) | Kidneys ureters urinary bladder urethra/removes waste from blood helps to maintain water, electrolyte balance |
| Reproductive System (organs/function) MALE | Testes Accessory organs vessels scrotum penis |
| Reproductive System (organs/function) FEMALE | ovaries genitalia mammary glands |
| What is the parietal membrane attached to? | wall of a cavity |
| What is the visceral membrane attached to? | covers internal organs |
Created by:
ajwildasin30
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