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Blood, lymphatic & i
Gylys & Masters Chapter 6
Term | Meaning |
---|---|
antigen | Substance that, when entering the body, prompts the generation of antibodies, causing an immune response |
anti- | against |
gen | forming, producing, origin |
autoimmune | Type of immune response by the body against its own cells or tissues |
capillaries | Microscopic blood vessels that connect the ends of the smallest arteries (arterioles with smallest veins (venules) of the circulatory system |
hematopoiesis | Production and development of blood cells, normally in the blood marrow |
immune response | Defense function of the body that protects it against invading pathogens, foreign tissue and malignancies |
immunodeficiency | Decreased or compromised ability to fight disease or a condition resulting from a defective immune mechanism |
interstitial fluid | fluid between cells and tissue spaces |
lymphocte | Type of white blood cell (WBC) found in the lymph nodes, spleen, bloodstream, and lymph that functions in the body's immune system by recognizing and deactivating foreign substances (antigens) |
hemat/o | blood |
-poiesis | formation, production |
lymph/o | lymph |
-cyte | cell |
momocytes | Large white blood cells formed in the bone marrow that circulate in the bloodstream and destroys pathogenic bacteria though phagocytosis |
mono- | one |
-cyte | cell |
oncology | Branch of medicine concerned with the study of cancerous growths (malignancies) |
onc/o | tumor |
-logy | study of |
pathogens | Any microorganism capable of producing disease |
path/o | disese |
-gen | forming, producing, origin |
transfusion | Collection of blood or blood component from a donor followed by its infusion into a recipient |
Four blood types | A, B, AB, O |
Universal recipient (blood) | AB |
Universal donor (blood) | O |
hematologists | Physicians who specialize in the study and treatment of blood and blood disorders |
immunologist | medical specialist who studies and treat the body's defense mechanism against invasion of foreign substances that carries disease |
agglutination | process by which particles are caused to adhere and form into clumps |
embolectomy | excision of an embolus. It may be done surgically or by use of enzymes that dissolve the clot |
erythrocyte | red blood cell |
hemophobia | fear of blood |
hematoma | tumor composed of blood (usually clotted) |
leukocyte | white blood cell |
myelogenic | pertaining to producing, or originating in bone marrow |
thrombolysis | dissolution of a blood clot |
venous | pertaining to a vein |
adenopathy | disease of a gland |
immunogen | producing immunity or an immune response |
lymphopoiesis | formation of lymphocytes or lymphoid tissue |
lymphadenitis | inflammation of a lymph gland |
lymphangioma | tumor of a lymph vessel |
phagocyte | cell that ingest (and destroy microorganisms and other cell debris) |
splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
thymoma | tumor of the thymus gland |
leukemia | white blood; hematological malignancies of bone marrow cells |
macrophage | eating or swallowing large (pathogens); monocyte that transforms into a phagocyte capable of ingesting pathogens |
anaphylaxis | against protection; exaggerated, life-threatening hypersensitivity (allergic) reaction to a previously encountered antigen |
hemopoiesis | formation or production of blood |
hemostasis | standing still of blood |
microcyte | small (red) cell |
mononucleosis | abnormal increase of mononuclear (leukocytes in the blood) |
agglutin/o | clumping, gluing |
embol/o | embolus (plug) |
erythr/o | red |
hem/o | blood |
hemato | blood |
leuk/o | white |
myel/o | bone marrow; spinal cord |
thromb/o | blood clot |
ven/o | vein |
-ation | process |
-ectomy | excision, removal |
-cyte | cell |
-phobia | fear |
-oma | tumor |
-ic | pertaining to |
-iysis | separation; destruction; loosening |
-ous | pertaining to |
-pathy | disease |
-poiesis | formation, production |
-itis | inflammation |
-megaly | enlargement |
aden/o | gland |
immun/o | immune, immunity, safe |
lymph/o | lymph |
lymphaden/o | lymph gland (node) |
lymphangi/o | lymph vessel |
phag/o | swallowing, eating |
splen/o | spleen |
thym/o | thymus gland |
-emia | blood condition |
-phage | swallowing, eating |
-phylaxis | protection |
-poiesis | formation, production |
-stasis | standing still |
macro- | large |
micro- | small |
mono- | one |
leuk/o | white |
macro- | large |
ana- | ahainst; up; back |
nucle | nucleus |
-osis | abnormal condition; increase (used primary with blood cells) |
anemia | Blood disorder characterized by deficiency of red blood cell production and hemoglobin, increase red blood cell destruction, or blood loss |
an | without, not |
aplastic | Failure of bone marrow to produce stem cells because it has been damaged by disease, cancer, radiation, or chemotherapy drug; rare but serious form of anemia |
pernicious | Deficiency of erythrocyte due to inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body, which plays a vital role in hematopoiesis |
sickle cell | hereditary disorder of anemia characterized by crescent or sickle-shaped erythrocytes; particularly prevalent among persons of African descent |
thalassemia | Group of hereditary anemias caused by an inability to produce hemoglobin; usually seen in people of Mediterranean origin |
hemophilia | Group of hereditary bleeding disorders characterized by a deficiency of one of the factors necessary for coagulation of blood |
leukemia | Malignant disease of the bone marrow characterized by excessive production of leukocytes |
thallass/o | sea |
-philia | attraction for |
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) | Deficiency of cellular immunity induced by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), characterized by increasing susceptibility to infections, malignancies, and neurological diseases |
Hodgkin disease | Malignant disease characterized by painless, progressive enlargement of lymphoid tissue (usually first evident in cervical lymph nodes), splenomegaly, and the presence of unique Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes |
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | retrovirus that causes AIDS |
immunodeficiency disease | Any group of diseases caused by a defect in the immune system and generally characterized by susceptibility to infections and chronic diseases |
Kaposi sarcoma | malignancy of connective tissue, including bone, fat, muscle and fibrous tissue that is commonly fatal (because the tumors readily metastasize to various organs) and closely associated with AIDS |
sarc | flesh (connective tissue) |
-oma | tumor |
lymphadenitis | Inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes, usually as a result of infection |
lymph | lymph |
aden | gland |
-itis | inflammatio |
lymphedema | Debilitating condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a blockage in the lymphatic system that prevents lymph fluid in the upper limbs from draining adequately |
-edema | swelling |