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N112 AADs

N112 - Alpha Adrenergic Drugs for test 1

QuestionAnswer
Alpha Adrenergic Drugs Adrenergic = SNS (sympathetic nervous system), Alpha blockers
Alpha 1 Antagonists peripheral action
Alpha 1 uses HTN (hypertension)
Alpha 1 other uses BPH (benign prostatic hypertrophy) = enlarged prostate
Alpha 1 action Blocks alpha 1 adrenergic receptors (receptors that normally vasoconstrict when stimulated by norepinephrine) in arterioles & veins = causes vasodilation, decreased PVR = drop in BP
BPH Action Prevents smooth muscle contractions in bladder neck & urethra = increased urinary flow rates & decreases outflow obstruction
Alpha 1 side effects/Adverse reactions Hypotensive effects, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia (increased heart rate), dizziness
Alpha 1 nursing consideration 1 Monitor vital signs, especially BP
Alpha 1 nursing consideration 2 May take with milk/meals to avoid GI upset
Alpha 1 nursing consideration 3 Advise patient to change position slowly to avoid orthostatic hypotension
Alpha 1 evaluate effectiveness of drug Decreased BP, decreased nocturia, urgency/frequency of urination
Alpha 2 Adrenergic Receptor Stimulators Antagonists Central Action
Alpha 2 uses HTN (hypertension)
Alpha 2 actions Stimulate Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors in the cardiovascular centers of the CNS (brain), resulting in decreased sympathetic outflow of norepinephrine from brain to blood vessels & heart = decreases CO (cardiac output), HR (heart rate), & PVR = decreases B
Alpha 2 side effects/Adverse reactions Drowsiness (common), dizziness, headache, dry mouth (common), hypotensive effects, Bradycardia, localized skin reactions with transdermal patch, use of alcohol can increase suppression of CNS
Alpha 2 nursing consideration 1 Monitor vital signs, especially BP
Alpha 2 nursing consideration 2 Avoid abrupt withdraw to avoid rebound hypertension
Alpha 2 nursing consideration 3 May take 2 to 3 days to achieve desired response with transdermal patch
Alpha 2 nursing consideration 4 Advise patient to change positions slowly to avoid orthostatic hypotension
Alpha 2 evaluate effectiveness of the drug Decreased BP
Created by: jrb265
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