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Microeconomics
Midterm
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Economics | The study of scarcity and choices |
Scarcity | Scarcity of resources (factors of production) |
Factors of Production | Land, Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurship |
Land | Nature |
Labor | Human labor |
Capital | Tools, equipment |
Entrepreneurship | Person with a good idea |
Market Economy | individuals and firms allocate resources (Australia) |
Centrally Planned Economy | Government decides allocation of resources (Cuba) |
3 main questions in Economy | What to produce? How to Produce? Who gets it? |
3 Principles of Economics | 1.) Society and individuals face trade-offs 2.) Opportunity costs - what you give up to get something (implicit and explicit) 3.) People respond to incentives |
Positive Statement | Can be rejected or accepted with data - how the world is (example "unemployment is 8%") |
Normative Statement | Cant be rejected or accepted with the data. It depends on values and judgement- how the world should be. (Example "unemployment is low" |