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unit 5 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the jungle | Upton Sinclair’s 1906 novel about unsanitary conditions in meat packing plants extractive industry - businesses that take mineral resources from the earth |
| extractive industry | A political machine in New York City |
| tammany hall | An 1883 federal law that limited patronage by creating a civil service commission to administer exams for certain nonmilitary government jobs |
| pendleton hall | A reform movement calling for moderation in drinking alcohol |
| muckraker | A journalist who wrote about social, environmental, and political problems Americans faced in the early 1900s |
| infrastructure | The facilities or equipment required for an organization or community to function, including roads, sewage and power systems, and transportation |
| political machine | an organization consisting of full-time politicians whose main goal was to retain political power and the money and influence that went with it |
| patronage | the practice of politicians giving jobs to friends and supporters |
| civil service | nonmilitary government employees |
| Hull House | the first settlement house in Chicago, founded by Jane Addams |
| National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) | a group formed by leading suffragists in the late 1800s to organize the women’s suffrage movement |
| Tuskegee Institute | a vocational college for African Americans in Alabama, founded by Booker T. Washington |
| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) | A group formed in 1909 to fight through the courts to end segregation and ensure that African American men could exercise voting rights under the Fifteenth Amendment |
| progressives | a member of a social and political movement of the early 1900s committed to improving conditions in American life |
| activist | A person dedicated to the cause of reform and prepared to use political action toward that goal |
| recall | the process by which voters can remove an elected official before his or her term expires |
| initiative | a lawmaking reform enabling citizens to propose and pass a law directly without the state legislature |
| referendum | a law making reform that allows a law passed by a state legislature to be placed on the ballot for approval or rejection by the voters |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | a 1906 federal law that established the Food and Drug Administration to test and approve drugs before they go to market |
| Federal Reserve System | the central banking authority of the united States, which manages the nation’s money supply |
| Sixteenth Amendment | a constitutional change ratified in 1913 allowing the federal government to impose an income tax |
| Seventeenth Amendment | a constitutional change ratified in 1913 requiring the direct election of senators by popular vote |
| Eighteenth Amendment | a constitutional change ratified in 1919 prohibiting the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages; repealed by the Twenty-first Amendment in 1933 |
| Nineteenth Amendment | a constitutional change ratified in 1920 declaring that women have the right to vote in state and national elections |
| third party | a political party outside the two-party system |
| preservation | the protection of wilderness lands from development |
| conservation | the limited use of natural resources |
| graduated income tax | an income tax requiring people with higher incomes to pay a larger percentage of their earnings than people with lower incomes |
| prohibition | a ban on the production and sale of alcoholic beverages |
Created by:
rickeyhart
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