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deep tendon reflex
health assessment test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| name the five deep tendon reflexs you should examine | triceps, biceps, brachioradial, patellar, and achilles |
| 0 on the scoring chart means | no response |
| 1+ on the scoring chart means | sluggish or diminished |
| 2+ on the socring chart means | active or expected response - NORMAL FINDINGS |
| 3+ on the scoring chart means | slightly hyperactive, more brisk than normal |
| 4 on the scoring chart means | brisk, hyperactive w/ intermittent clonus associated with disease |
| while testing for the biceps reflex.. where should you strike? | over the antecubital fossa.. should strike thumb instead of patient's arm |
| where do you strike the brachioradial tendon? | 1 to 2 inches above the wrist |
| what is the expected outcome when testing brachioradial reflex? | pronation fo the forearm and flexion of the elbow |
| what is the expected outcome when testing the patellar reflex? | contraction of the quad muscle and extension of the lower leg |
| what is the expected outcome of the achilles tendon reflex text? | plantar flexion of foot |
| how do you check for plantar reflex? | stroke lateral aspect of the sole of the foot from heel to ball using the handle of the reflex hammer |
| what are the expected findings for a plantar reflex test? | plantar flexion of all toes - ABNORMAL RESPONSE IS A POSTIVE BABINSKI'S SIGN WHICH INDICATES PYRAMIDAL TRACT DISEASE (BABINSKI'S SIGN IS WHEN THE GREAT TOE DORSIFLEXES AND ALL OTHER TOES FAN) |
| if deep tendon reflexes are hyperactive.. what else should you check? | ankle clonus |
| how do you test ankle clonus? | support client's knee in a partly flexed position. with other hand, sharply dorsiflex the foot and maintain it in flexion. there should be NO movement of the foot. rhythmic oscillations between dorsiflexin and plantar flexion are ABNORMAL RESPONSES. |
| decorticate | abnormall flexion |
| decerebrate | abrnoaml extension |
| rigid flexion; upper arms held tightly to sides of body; elbows, wrists, and fingers flexed; feet are plantar flexed, legs extended and internally rotated; may have fine tremors or intense stiffness | decorticate |
| rigid extension; arms fully extended, forearms pronated; wrists and fingers flexed; jaws clenched; neck estended; back may be arched; feet plantar flexed, may occur spontaneously, intermittently, or in response to a stimulus | decerebrate |
| what does Kernig's sign test for? | meningitis |
| what does brudzinski's sign test for? | meningitis |
| explain how to test Kernig's sign? | flex one of the client's legs at the hip and knee, then extend the knee. POSITIVE SIGN if patient complains for pain along the vertebral column |
| explain hwo to test brudzinski's sign? | while patient lying supine. flex client's neck. POSTIVE SIGN when patient passively flexed the hip and knee in response to head flexion and report pain along vertebral column |
| what causes a brief, high-pitched cry in an infant? | hydrocephalus |
| what does sunken fontanels indicate on an infant? | dehydration |
| poor head control and limp extremities, stiff legs, jittery arm movements and heard tightly flexed indicates what in an infant? | motor activity abnormalities |
| opisthotonos | arched back |
| if infant has opisthotonos with a stiff neck and extension of extremeties.. this indicates what? | meningitis |
| if legs quickly extend and adduct, in a scissoring pattern.. this can indicate what in an infant? | cerebral palsy |
| what is Moro's reflex in an infant? | startle infant by making loud noise |
| what is a positive Moro's reflex? | infant abducts and extends arms and legs; index finger and thumb assume C position; then infant pulls into fetal position |
| when does Moro's reflex disapear? | 1-4 months |
| what is Palmar grasp in an infant and what is a normal response? | touch object against ulnar side of infants's hand; then place finger in plam of hand - infant should grasp finger tightly |
| when does the Palmar grasp reflex disappear? | 3-4 months |
| Tonic neck? and what is normal? | infant supine; rotate head to side so that chin is over shoulder - arm and leg on side that head turns should extend; opposite arm and leg flex - SOME NORMAL INFANTS MAY NEVER SHOW THIS REFLEX |
| when does the tonic neck reflex disappear? | 4-6 months |
| plantar grasp? normal? | touch object to sole of infant's foot - toes should flex tightly downward at an attempt to grasp |
| when does the plantar grasp reflex disappear? | 8-10 months |
| when does babinski's reflex disappear? | 18 months |
| step in place reflex? what is normal? | infant in upright position; feet flat on surface - infant should pace foward using alternating steps |
| when does the step in place reflex disappear? | 3 months |
| infant clonus reflex? what is normal? | dorsiflex foot; pinch sole of foot just under toes - may get clonus movement of foot (not always) |
| when does clonus reflex disappear? | 4 months |
| rooting response in infant? normal? | brush infant's cheek near corner of mouth - infant will turn head in direction of stimulus and will open mouth slightly |
| when does rooting response disappear? | 3-4 months |
| sucking reflex? normal? | touch infant's lips - infant should making sucking motion w/ lips and tongue |
| when does sucking reflex disappear? | 10-12 months |
| what sense is not usually tested in children? | smell |
| what test do you use to test fine motor coordiantion in children under 6 years old? | denver II test |
| ______ function is not usually tested until age 5. | sensory |
| what is the most prevalent and noticeable change in older adults? | decline in sensorimotor function |
Created by:
miranda130
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